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        <div id="content-top2">P. 453</div>
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    <pre style="white-space:pre-line"><code>CAPÃTULO 08                                                                                                             RAInER PETTER/EUREkA

        Diagrama                        Nuvens
      mostrando a                  (Vapor de Ã¡gua)
      formaÃ§Ã£o da
      chuva Ã¡cida

                   2NO + O2 2NO2                                     3NO2 + H2O 2HNO3 + NO
                   2SO2 + O2 2SO2
                                                                     SO4+H2O  H2SO4

                                                                                 Chuva Ã¡cida
                                                                              (Ã¡cido sulfÃºrico e
                                                                               nÃ­trico diluÃ­dos)

                       A chuva Ã¡cida causa prejuÃ­zos na agricultura  truiÃ§Ã£o dessa camada. o cFc libera um Ã¡tomo de
                   em consequÃªncia da acidificaÃ§Ã£o dos solos. outro  cloro quando entra em contato com a radiaÃ§Ã£o
                   impacto decorrente dessa chuva Ã© a acidificaÃ§Ã£o   UV. Esse Ã¡tomo de cloro rompe o o3 (gÃ¡s ozÃ´-
                   da Ã¡gua que pode ser causar a morte de peixes, a  nio) e forma monÃ³xido de cloro. Refrigeradores,
                   destruiÃ§Ã£o da vegetaÃ§Ã£o, corrosÃ£o e estragos de   condicionadores de ar, solventes industriais, es-
                   monumentos histÃ³ricos, alÃ©m de danificar tubu-    pumas isolantes, aerossÃ³is, entre outros, sÃ£o as
                   laÃ§Ãµes, turbinas, bombas e outros equipamentos    principais fontes liberadoras desse composto.
                   por onde a Ã¡gua nessas condiÃ§Ãµes circula.         Atualmente, essas fontes estÃ£o sendo substituÃ­-
                                                                     das com o intuito de diminuir seus efeitos nega-
wIkIPEDIA/coMMons                                                    tivos, sendo que, o Protocolo de Montreal (1984)
                                                                     foi de suma importÃ¢ncia para essa atitude.

                                                                                                                        wIkIPEDIA/coMMons

          A camada de ozÃ´nio estÃ¡ localizada na estra-
      tosfera e apresenta cerca de 20 km de espessu-
      ra. Essa camada funciona como uma barreira
      de proteÃ§Ã£o contra radiaÃ§Ãµes emitidas pelo sol,
      principalmente contra os raios ultravioleta (UV),
      que, em excesso, podem causar doenÃ§as (como,
      por exemplo, o cÃ¢ncer de pele), podem inibir o
      crescimento de algumas plantas, reduzirem a
      produtividade agrÃ­cola, entre outros efeitos.

          A emissÃ£o de compostos que contenham clo-
      rofluorcarbono (cFc) Ã© a principal causa da des-
452</code></pre>
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