Page 188 - fbkCardioDiabetes_2017
P. 188
164 Cardio Diabetes Medicine 2017
to be an impediment in this arteriogenesis. This ex- Conclusion
plains the propensity for Diabetic young patients who Thus the conventional risk factors continue to be the
suffer an acute myocardial infarction to land up with major cause of CAD in the young. There is an urgent
severe left ventricular dysfunction compared to the need to focus on these risk factors in primary and
older patient who has been having ischemia over a secondary prevention. It should not be difficult to cor-
period of time.
rect under use of life style modification and drugs.
There is a greater scope for preventive practice in the
Management female population, given the delayed onset of CAD
Treatment of STEMI in young is same as in older and higher rate of comorbidities, offering more time
patients. However, many young patients with STEMI and more opportunities.
present late due to atypical symptoms especially
women. When the door to balloon time is more than References:-
90 minutes thrombolysis is given and elective PCI 1. Zimmerman, F.H., Cameron, A., Fisher, L.D. and Ng, G. (1995) Myo-
if it is done within 48 hours, MACEs were found to cardial Infarction in Young Adults: Angiographic Characterization, Risk
be lower. In STEMI, patient’s radial access reduces Factors and Prognosis (Coronary Artery Surgery Study Registry). Jour-
the primary cardiovascular outcomes compared with nal of the American College of Cardiology, 26, 654-661. http://dx.doi.
org/10.1016/0735-1097(95)00254-2
femoral access. Major bleeding after PCI is associ- 2. Imazio, M., Bobbio, M., Bergerone, S., Barlera, S. and Maggioni, A.P.
ated with three fold increase in mortality and major (1998) Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Juvenile Myocar-
adverse cardiac events. dial Infarction in Italy: The GISSI Experience. GiornaleItaliano di Car-
diologia, 28, 505-512.
There is clearly a need to improve the utilization of 3. Wang, Y.Y., Li, T., Liu, Y.W., Liu, B.J., Wang, Y., Hu, X.M., et al. (2014)
evidence based drug therapy in patients with CAD, Analysis of Risk Factors of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
especially premature CAD in India. The CADY registry in Young Patients. BMC Cardiovascular Disorders, 14, 179. http://dx.doi.
showed that in patients with ACS, the prescription org/10.1186/1471-2261-14-179
of antiplatelets, statins, betablockers and ACE-Inhibi- 4. Global, regional, and national age-sex specific all-cause and cause-specific-
10
tors/ARB were 80%, 80%, 55% and 36% respectively . mortality for 240 causes of death, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for
the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. GBD 2013 Mortality and
The usage of evidence based medication is subopti- Causes of Death Collaborators. Lancet. 2015;385:117–170.
mal and needs to be improved. 5. Reddy KS, Yusuf S. Emerging epidemic of cardiovascular disease in de-
Framingham studyhas shown that aggressive life veloping countries. Circulation. 1998;97:596–601.
style measures reduce events in stable IHD . Hence 6. Gupta R, Guptha S, Sharma KK, et al. Regional variations in cardio-
12
vascular risk factors in India: India Heart Watch. World J Cardiol.
we have to aggressively promote healthy lifestyle in 2012;4:112–120
young to prevent CAD and STEMI. What we know 7. Alappatt, et al.: Acute coronary syndrome in young adults,Journal of
from clinical studies is that aspirin, beta blockers, Medical Sciences and Health/Jan-Apr 2016/Volume 2/Issue 1
statins, ACE inhibitors and therapeutic life style : 5-10
changes reduce mortality in stable IHD and so do 8. Brajesh Kumar Kunwar, Amit Hooda, George Joseph. Recent trends in
the appropriately instituted revascularization proce- reperfusion STEMI in a South Indian tier-3 city. Indian Heart journal
dures. Before these measures were widely applied, 2012;64; 368-73
the annual mortality rate in patients with stable IHD 9. Chopra HK, Challenges of STEMI care in India and the real world. Indian
was 4.5%, and now it is 1–3% . Awareness among the Heart Journal 2015;67;5-17
13
physicians should be heightened about STEMI in 10. SS Iyengar et al Premature coronary artery disease in India: coronary
artery disease in the young (CADY) registryIndian Heart Journal 69
the young and appropriate implantation of evidence (2017) 211–216
based medicine. 11. Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factor inPatients with STEMI Treated with-
ercutaneous Coronary Intervention - Ashraf SafiyaManzil, VenkateshRad-
Cardiological Society of India has come up with po- hakrishnan, Jithu Sam RajanInternational Journal of Clinical Medicine,
sition statement for the management of ST eleva- 2015, 6, 753-758
tion myocardial infarction in India in supplementary 12. Lloyd-Jones DM, Leip EP, Larson MG, et al. Prediction of lifetime risk
issue in Indian Heart Journal in April 2017 . According forcardiovascular disease by risk factor burden at 50 years of age. Cir-
15
to this policy document, if patient arrives at a PCI culation.2006;113:791–798.
capable centre with a diagnosis STEMI, primary PCI 13. Braunwald’s heart disease,10th Edition. Stable ischemic heart disease,
should be done within 60minutes. If the patient ar- chapter54, page 1190, Elsevier Saunders Philadelphia
rives in a non-PCI centre, and PCI is possible within 14. STEMI- Cardiology Update – HK Chopra, Sameer Mehta . Chapter 106
– Page 795-799
120 minutes, transfer the patient for PCI otherwise
immediate thrombolysis. 15. Cardiological Society of India:Position statement for the managementof
ST elevation myocardial infarction in IndiaS. Guha et al. / Indian Heart
Journal 69 (2017) S63–S97
GCDC 2017

