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Graphic Communications Terms Glossary
International Standard for CD-ROM), before the mastering process. Process Inks
The data file is then provided to the party responsible for the The ink colors of cyan, magenta and yellow used to print color
mastering process (see master). reproductions.
Prepress Production Workflow
Camera work, color separating, stripping, platemaking and other A sequence of production steps required to produce any printed item.
functions performed by the printer, separator or service bureau prior Program
to the actual printing. A systematic series of software instructions designed to direct a
Prepress Proof computer to perform a specific task.
Any color proof made using inkjet, toner, dyes or overlays. Progressive Proof
Press Check A set of proofs made with ink on paper from the actual plates to show
When a client goes to view the printing press output as the press the sequence of printing and the result after each additional color is
begins to print his or her job, in order to approve the job as it applied. Also called progs.
is printed. A press check can last a few minutes or several days, Proof
depending on the size of the job. A prototype of an image that is supposed to show how it will appear
Press Proof when printed on the press.
A proof made on press using the ink and paper specified for the job.
Press Run Q
The actual running of the press to print the job following makeready.
Also, the number of copies of a publication printed. Quality Control
Presswork The day-to-day operational techniques and activities that are used to
All operations performed on or by a printing press that lead to the fulfill requirements for quality, such as intermediate and final product
transfer of inked images from the image carrier to the paper or other inspections, testing incoming materials and calibrating instruments
substrate. used to verify product quality.
Price Break Quartertone
Quantity at which unit cost of paper or printing drops. Those dot percentages that are near the 25 percent printing dot size.
Primary Colors Quarto
The colorants of a system used to reproduce the colors for the entire Sheet folded twice, making pages one-fourth the size of the original
reproduction. Cyan, magenta and yellow are subtractive primary sheet. A quarto makes an 8-page signature.
colors while red, green and blue are additive primary colors. QWERTY
Printer Control Language The standard keyboard, named after the first six letters in the upper
(PCL) the page description language (PDL) developed by Hewlett row.
Packard and used in many of their laser and inkjet printers. PCL 5
and later versions support a scalable font technology called Intellifont. R
Printer’s Spread
Two facing pages in the order they will be printed, e.g., pages 1 and 4 RAM
will be laid out on the same spread and then pages 2 and 3 will be laid Random Access Memory, hardware inside your computer that retains
out together for a four-page brochure. memory on a short-term basis. This information is stored temporarily
Printing while you’re working on it.
Any process that transfers to paper or another substrate an image RAW
from an original such as film, electronic memory, stencil, die or plate. This may be a Photoshop RAW file, which is a PSD file with no
Printing Plates identifying header. Or it may be a minimally formatted image data
A thin metal, plastic or paper sheet that serves as the image carrier in dump.
many printing processes. Ragged
Printing Unit Type that is not justified on the right or left side.
The sections on printing presses that house the components for Rag Paper
reproducing an image on the substrate. In lithography, a printing unit Paper containing a minimum of 25% rag or cotton fiber pulp.
includes the inking and dampening systems and the plate, blanket and Rainbow Fountain
impression cylinders. Technique of putting ink colors next to each other in the same ink
Process Colors fountain and oscillating the ink rollers to make the colors merge
The three colors (cyan, magenta and yellow) plus black that are used in where they touch, producing a rainbow effect.
full-color printing. Random Access
Process Color Separation A system of data file management in which a record is accessible
A consequence of the offset lithographic process. In order to print independent of its file location or the location of the previous record
full-color images, it is necessary to prepare four separate files for each accessed. In other words, records need not be accessed sequentially.
of the process colors (cyan, magenta, yellow and black). When the Random Proof
colors are overprinted, they combine to render a wide range of color. A color proof consisting of many images ganged on one substrate and
CMYK produces the widest range of color with the fewest inks when randomly positioned with no relation to the final page imposition.
printing. This is a cost-effective way to verify the correctness of completed
scans prior to further stripping and color correction work. Also called
scatter proof.
134 1\ 34 2015 PIM Print Buyers Guide—www.pimw.org
