Page 240 - Color_Atlas_of_Physiology_5th_Ed._-_A._Despopoulos_2003

A. Energy content of foodstuffs and energy requirement
Requirement Physiological Energy content % of energy
(g/day) fuel value (kJ/g) (kJ/day) requirement

38.9
Fats 65 2500

1g
17.2 25%
Proteins 70 1200 12%
1g
Nutrition
63%
17.2
Carbo- 6300
hydrates 370
1g Plate 10.1

* Values for an adult male weighing 70 kg, during light physical activity
B. Chemical structure of fats, proteins and carbohydrates
O
O H 2 C O C (CH 2 )n CH 3
Fats Fatty acids
(e.g., triacyl- CH 3 (CH 2 )n C O CH O
glycerol)
H 2 C O C (CH 2 )n CH 3
Glycerol

Amino acids
R 1 O R 3 R n
H etc.
Proteins C C N C N C C C C O –
H 3 N + C H N
O O H O
R 2
Amino Peptide bonds Carboxyl terminus
terminus
Monosaccharides
(e.g., glucose)
H 2 COH H 2 COH
C O C O
Carbohydrates H H etc.
(e.g., amylose) CH CH CH CH (ca. 250x)
OH H OH H
O O O
C C C C 227
H OH H OH
Despopoulos, Color Atlas of Physiology © 2003 Thieme
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