Page 24 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

XXII Contents

Failure of SBT 527
Pressure Support Ventilation 527
Other Modes of Partial Ventilatory Support 529
Weaning Protocol 530
Signs of Weaning Failure 531
Causes of Weaning Failure 533
Increase of Airflow Resistance 533
Decrease of Compliance 533
Respiratory Muscle Fatigue 533
Terminal Weaning 534
Prior to Withdrawal 535
Withdrawal 536
Summary 536
Self-Assessment Questions 536
Answers to Self-Assessment Questions 539
References 539
Additional Resources 542

Chapter 17: neonatal MeChaniCal Ventilation

Introduction 545
Intubation 546
Indications 546
Equipment 547
Surfactant Replacement Therapy 548
History 548
Indications 549
Types of Surfactant and Dosages 549
Outcomes 551
Nasal CPAP 552
Use of Nasal CPAP 552
Basic Principles of Neonatal Ventilation 553
Pressure-Controlled Ventilation 553
Volume-Controlled Ventilation 553
Ventilator Circuits and Humidifiers 553
Initiation of Neonatal Ventilatory Support 555
Indications for Mechanical Ventilation 555
Initial Ventilator Settings 556
High Frequency Ventilation (HFV) 558
High Frequency Positive Pressure Ventilation (HFPPV) 559
High Frequency Jet Ventilation (HFJV) 560
High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation (HFOV) 561
Initial HFOV Settings 564
Other Methods of Ventilation 566
Machine Volume 567

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