Page 149 - AACN Essentials of Critical-Care Nursing Pocket Handbook, Second Edition

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Values Indicating Need for Ventilatory Support Acute increase from normal or patient’s baseline 7.25-7.30 350 20-25 200 4-5 10 35 20 2 resting ventilatory requirement 10-15 15-20 0.60 35

Approximate Normal Range 36-44 7.36-7.44 25-65 5 350-400 5-8 60-75 12-20 80 to 100 120-180 60-75 5-10 0.25-0.40 12-20

Best Available Indicators Paco 2 , mm Hg Arterial pH Alveolar-to-arterial PO 2 gradient breathing 100% O 2 , mm Hg Intrapulmonary right-to-left shunt fraction, percentage PaO 2 /FiO 2 , mm Hg Tidal volume, mL/kg Vital capacity Respiratory
Indications for Mechanical Ventilation

Basic Physiologic Impairment Inadequate alveolar ventilation (acute ventilatory failure) Hypoxemia (acute oxygenation failure) Inadequte lung expansion Inadequate respiratory muscle strength Excessive work of breathing Unstable ventilatory

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