Page 6 - Cardiac Nursing

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HEMODYNAMIC INDICES
Indices/Equations Normal Values
Preload
Right atrial pressure (RAP) or central venous pressure (CVP) 2–6 mm Hg
Pulmonary artery end-diastolic pressure (PAEDP) 8–12 mm Hg
Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) 6–12 mm Hg
Afterload
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) 120 mm Hg
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) 800–1200 dynes/sec/cm 5
MAP RAP
SVR 80
CO
Systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI) 1900–2400 dynes/sec/cm 5 /m 2
MAP RAP
SVRI 80
CI
Force of Contraction
Stroke volume (SV) 60–180 mL/beat
CO 1000
SV
HR
Stroke Volume Index 33–47 mL/beat/m 2
CI 1000
SVI
HR
2
Right ventricular stroke work index (RVSWI) 5–10 gm-m/m /beat
RVSWI SVI(MAP CVP) 0.0136
2
Left ventricular stroke work index (LVSWI) 45–65 gm-m/m /beat
LVSWI SVI(MAP PAWP) 0.0136
Right Heart Function
Right ventricular ejection fraction 40%–60%
Right ventricular end-systolic index 30–60 mL/m 2
Right ventricular end-diastolic volume index 60–100 mL/m 2
Functional Indices Predictive Value (Preload Dependence)
RAP Variation ( RAP) RAP 1
Systolic Pressure Variation ( Ps) 12–15 mm Hg associated with hypovolemia
Ps% 100 (Ps max Ps min ) [(PS max
Ps min ) 2] Increase in Ps 4 mm Hg indicative of blood loss 10%
Down 2–5 mm Hg indicative of hypovolemia
No absolute predictive value identified
Pulse Pressure Variation ( Pp)
13%
Pp% [(PP max PP min ) (PP max
PP min ) 2] 100
Stroke Volume Variation (SVV) Neurosurgical patients 9.5% (Vt 10 mL/kg)
V V V 13% (septic shock)
SVV SVV max SVV min SVV mean
Aortic Blood Flow Velocity 12% (septic shock)
V peak (%) 100 (Vpeak max Vpeak min ) [Vpeak max
Vpeak min ) 2]
V