Page 1216 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill
P. 1216

References     3


                      73. Rossetti AO, Bromfield EB. Levetiracetam in the treatment of     92. Stecker MM, Kramer TH, Raps EC, O’Meeghan R, Dulaney E,
                        status epilepticus in adults: a study of 13 episodes. Eur Neurol.   Skaar DJ. Treatment of refractory status epilepticus with
                        2005;54:34-38.                                          propofol: clinical and pharmacokinetic findings.  Epilepsia.
                      74. Rossetti AO, Bromfield EB. Determinants of success in the   1998;39:18-26.
                        use of oral levetiracetam in status epilepticus. Epilepsy Behav.     93. Krishnamurthy KB, Drislane FW. Relapse and survival after
                        2006;8:651-654.                                         barbiturate anesthetic treatment of refractory status epilepticus.
                      75. Knake S, Gruener J, Hattemer K, et al. Intravenous levetirace-  Epilepsia. 1996;37:863-867.
                        tam in the treatment of benzodiazepine refractory status epilep-    94. Kumar M, Khaled KA, Urrutia VC, et al. Irreversible acidosis
                        ticus. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008;79:588-589.  and death after prolonged propofol infusion use in two adult
                      76. Milligan TA, Hurwitz S, Bromfield EB. Efficacy and tolerability   patients:  propofol  infusion  syndrome  in  adults  revisited.  In:
                        of levetiracetam versus phenytoin after supratentorial neurosur-  Neurocritical Care Society Meeting. San Diego, CA; 2004.
                        gery. Neurology. 2008;71:665-669.                    95. Hanna JP, Ramundo ML. Rhabdomyolysis and hypoxia associ-
                      77. Berning  S,  Boesebeck  F,  van  Baalen  A,  Kellinghaus  C.   ated with prolonged propofol infusion in children. Neurology.
                        Intravenous levetiracetam as treatment for status epilepticus.     1998;50:301-303.
                        J Neurol. 2009;256:1634-1642.                        96. Hanley DF Jr, Pozo M. Treatment of status epilepticus with mid-
                      78. Szaflarski JP, Meckler JM, Szaflarski M, Shutter LA, Privitera   azolam in the critical care setting. Int J Clin Pract. 2000;54:30-35.
                        MD, Yates SL. Levetiracetam use in critically ill patients.     97. Igartua J, Silver P, Maytal J, Sagy M. Midazolam coma for refrac-
                        Neurocrit Care. 2007;7:140-147.                         tory status epilepticus in children.  Crit  Care  Med. 1999;27:
                      79. Szaflarski JP, Sangha KS, Lindsell CJ, Shutter LA. Prospective,   1982-1985.
                        randomized, single-blinded comparative trial of intrave-    98. Kumar A, Bleck TP. Intravenous midazolam for the treatment of
                        nous levetiracetam versus phenytoin for seizure prophylaxis.   refractory status epilepticus. Crit Care Med. 1992;20:483-488.
                        Neurocrit Care. 2010;12:165-172.                     99. Shafer A. Complications of sedation with midazolam in the
                      80. Shah D, Husain AM. Utility of levetiracetam in patients with   intensive care unit and a comparison with other sedative regi-
                        subarachnoid hemorrhage. Seizure. 2009;18:676-679.      mens. Crit Care Med. 1998;26:947-956.
                      81. Bleck  TP.  Management  approaches to  prolonged  seizures       100. Naritoku DK, Sinha S. Prolongation of midazolam half-life
                        and status epilepticus.  Epilepsia. 1999;40(suppl 1):S59-S63;   after sustained  infusion  for  status  epilepticus.  Neurology.
                        discussion S4-S6.                                       2000;54:1366-1368.
                      82. Treiman DM, Meyers PD, Walton NY, et al. A comparison of     101. Meierkord H, Boon P, Engelsen B, et al. EFNS guideline on
                        four treatments for generalized convulsive status epilepticus.   the management of status epilepticus in adults.  Eur J Neurol.
                        Veterans Affairs Status Epilepticus Cooperative Study Group.    2010;17:348-355.
                        N Engl J Med. 1998;339:792-798.                      102. Swisher CB, Doreswamy M, Gingrich KJ, Vredenburgh JJ,
                      83. Silbergleit R, Durkalski V, Lowenstein D, et al. Intramuscular   Kolls BJ. Phenytoin, levetiracetam, and pregabalin in the acute
                        versus intravenous therapy for prehospital status epilepticus.    management of refractory status epilepticus in patients with
                        N Engl J Med. 2012;366:591-600.                         brain tumors. Neurocrit Care. 2012;16:109-113.
                      84. Krakow K, Walker M, Otoul C, Sander JW. Long-term con-    103. Kellinghaus C. Lacosamide as treatment for partial epilepsy:
                        tinuation of levetiracetam in patients with refractory epilepsy.   mechanisms of action, pharmacology, effects, and safety. Ther
                        Neurology. 2001;56:1772-1774.                           Clin Risk Manag. 2009;5:757-766.
                      85. Moddel G, Bunten S, Dobis C, et al. Intravenous levetiracetam:     104. Mnatsakanyan L, Chung JM, Tsimerinov EI, Eliashiv DS.
                        a  new treatment  alternative  for  refractory status epilepticus.     Intravenous lacosamide in refractory nonconvulsive status epi-
                        J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009;80:689-692.         lepticus. Seizure. 2012;21(3):198-201.
                      86. Holtkamp M, Othman J, Buchheim K, Meierkord H. Predictors     105. Goodwin H, Hinson HE, Shermock KM, Karanjia N, Lewin
                        and prognosis of refractory status epilepticus treated in a neu-  JJ III. The use of lacosamide in refractory status epilepticus.
                        rological intensive care unit.  J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry.   Neurocrit Care. 2011;14:348-353.
                        2005;76:534-539.                                     106. Shorvon S. Super-refractory status epilepticus: an approach
                      87. Krishnamurthy KB, Drislane FW. Depth of EEG suppression   to therapy in this difficult clinical situation.  Epilepsia.
                        and outcome in barbiturate anesthetic treatment for refractory   2011;52(suppl 8):53-56.
                        status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 1999;40:759-762.      107. Corry JJ, Dhar R, Murphy T, Diringer MN. Hypothermia for
                      88. Bleck TP. Intensive care unit management of patients with status   refractory status epilepticus. Neurocrit Care. 2008;9:189-197.
                        epilepticus. Epilepsia. 2007;48(suppl 8):59-60.      108. Appleton  R,  Sweeney  A,  Choonara  I,  Robson  J,  Molyneux  E.
                      89. Power KN, Flaatten H, Gilhus NE, Engelsen BA. Propofol treat-  Lorazepam versus diazepam in the acute treatment of epi-
                        ment in adult refractory status epilepticus. Mortality risk and   leptic seizures and status epilepticus.  Dev  Med  Child  Neurol.
                        outcome. Epilepsy Res. 2011;94:53-60.                   1995;37:682-688.
                      90. Niermeijer JM, Uiterwaal CS, Van Donselaar CA. Propofol     109. Rivera  R, Segnini  M,  Baltodano  A,  Perez  V.  Midazolam  in
                        in status epilepticus: little evidence, many dangers?  J  Neurol.   the treatment of status epilepticus in children. Crit Care Med.
                        2003;250:1237-1240.                                     1993;21:991-994.
                      91. Prasad A, Worrall BB, Bertram EH, Bleck TP. Propofol and     110. Sheth RD, Buckley DJ, Gutierrez AR, Gingold M, Bodensteiner
                        midazolam in the treatment of refractory status epilepticus.   JB, Penney S. Midazolam in the treatment of refractory neonatal
                        Epilepsia. 2001;42:380-386.                             seizures. Clin Neuropharmacol. 1996;19:165-170.








            Section06-O-ref.indd   3                                                                                   12/10/2014   6:03:39 PM
   1211   1212   1213   1214   1215   1216   1217   1218   1219   1220   1221