Page 10 - Clinical Hematology Atlas

PREFACE

Because the emphasis of an atlas is morphology, In addition, the chart aids readers in recognizing the
the Clinical Hematology Atlas is intended to be used anatomical sites at which each stage of maturation
with a textbook, such as Rodak BF, Fritsma GA, normally occurs.
Keohane EM: Hematology: Clinical Principles and Chapters 3 to 9 present the maturation of each
Applications, fourth edition, that addresses physiol- cell line individually, repeating the respective seg-
ogy and diagnosis along with morphology. ment of the overall hematopoietic scheme from
This atlas is designed for a diverse audience that Chapter 2, to assist the student in seeing the rela-
includes clinical laboratory science students, med- tionship of each cell line to the whole. In these
ical students, residents, and practitioners. It is also a chapters, each maturation stage is presented as a
valuable resource for clinical laboratory practitio- color print, a schematic, and an electron micro-
ners who are being retrained or cross-trained in graph. A description of each cell, including overall
hematology. It is not intended to be a detailed size, nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, morphologic
comprehensive manual for diagnosis. features, and reference ranges in peripheral blood
and bone marrow, serves as a convenient summary.
ORGANIZATION The final figure in each of these chapters summa-
rizes lineage maturation by repeating the hemato-
As is frequently expounded, morphology on a poietic segment with the corresponding photomi-
peripheral blood film is only as good as the qual- crographs. Multiple nomenclatures for erythrocyte
ity of the smear and the stain. Chapter 1 reviews maturation are used to accommodate use in mul-
smear preparation, staining, and the appropriate tiple settings and demographic groups.
area in which to evaluate cell distribution and Chapters 10 to 12 present discrete cellular ab-
morphology. A table that summarizes the mor- normalities of erythrocytes, that is, variations in
phology of leukocytes found in a normal differ- size, color, shape, and distribution, as well as inclu-
ential, along with multiple examples of each cell sions found in erythrocytes. Each variation is
type, facilitates early instruction in blood smear presented along with a description of the abnor-
review. mality, or composition of the inclusion, and asso-
Chapter 2 schematically presents hematopoietic ciated disorders.
features of cell maturation. General cell maturation, Because diseases are often combinations of the
along with an electron micrograph with labeled cellular alterations, Chapter 13 integrates morpho-
organelles, will help readers correlate the substruc- logic findings into the diagnostic features of disor-
tures with the appearance of cells under light mi- ders primarily affecting erythrocytes.
croscopy. Visualizing normal cellular maturation is In Chapter 14, nuclear and cytoplasmic changes
essential to the understanding of disease processes. in leukocytes are displayed and correlated with
This correlation of schematic, electron micrograph, non-malignant leukocyte disorders.
and Wright-stained morphology is carried through- Diseases of excessive or altered production of
out the maturation chapters. Figure 2-1 has been cells may be caused by maturation arrest, asynchro-
reformatted to reflect recent hematopoietic theory. nous development, or proliferation of one cell line,
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