Page 8 - Health & Physical edu- 8

(Pineal)

(Pituitary)

(Thyroid)

(Parathyroids)

(Thymus)

(Adrenals)

(Pancreas)

(Ovary)

(Testes)

a. Pineal Gland

Pineal gland lies at the middle of the brain. Its size is bigger in the early years after
birth and gradually becomes smaller when we become adult. This gland is reactive

to brightness. It produces the hormone melatonin more in darkness than in the
brightness. Because of this, we feel like sleeping at night. In the case of other animals,
it creates the sensation of hibernation. Due to this hormone, the birds know the time.

b. Pituitary Gland

Pituitary gland is located at the center of the skull. This gland controls all other glands.
Therefore, this gland is also called master gland. It produces growth hormone and

this hormone assists in the growth of our body. In case of low production of this
hormone, our body height cannot increase. If there is excessive secretion of this
hormone, there may be unnatural growth. This type of disease condition is known
as gigantism. Pituitary gland assists in the development of ova in females and also
assists the breasts to activate milk secretion during pregnancy.

4 Health & Physical Education, Class-8