Page 155 - 9 teachers social book 9 @ 2077 ctp_Neat

It has entrusted sovereignty and state power upon the people. The government
forms and runs as per the will of the citizen. It can even dissolve when people
withdraw their support.
This is the first constitution drafted on behalf of people as per their will and
spirit of the mass movement II (BS 2062/2063).

Article 4 of the constitution has declared Nepal “an independent, indivisible,
secular, republic, sovereign and fully democratic state”. This way secularism
and republicanism have been institutionalized and federalism has formally
been adopted.

There is a provision for 7 provinces based on federal democratic republic
structure. The names to states will be given by a majority of the respective
provincial parliament members. The boundaries of the state will be fixed by a
special federal commission.

There is provision for 3 level of governance, central, provincial and local.
It has a provision to adopt competitive multi-party democratic system where
citizens have right to form, become member or follow the ideology of any political
party. All the parties exist together, take part in election and form government
as per their position or mandate in an election.
There will be bicameral legislative parliamentary system in the centre and
unicameral in the provincial states. The bicameral parliament includes the House
of Representatives and the National Assembly. The House of Representatives
comprises 275 members, in which 165 directly elected and 110 proportionately
elected. Similarly, the National Assembly comprising 59 members out of which
56 are elected from 7 provincial states and 3 are nominated by the president.
There is provision for mixed electors system on both structures, central
and provincial states with the combination of 60% directly elected and 40%
proportionately elected.
Executive power is vested in the Council of Ministers including Prime Minister,
Deputy Prime Minister, Ministers, State Minister and Assistance Minister.
Prime Minister is the head of executive and the president is the head of the
state. The prime minister is elected among legislative members whereas the
president is elected by both the provincial and the central parliaments.
The council of ministers in central state will not exceed more than 25 members.
Similarly, no candidate defeated in the election can be the prime minister.
The executive body is responsible to the legislature. The political party owned
majority seats forms the government and can remain in government as long
as it gets support from the legislature. There is no provision for 'vote of no
confidence, against the government at least for two years. Similarly, the prime
minister also cannot dissolve the parliament. This provision has been regarded
very crucial for political stability in the country.

155 Dynamic Social Studies - Book IX