Page 161 - NEPALI 8

kf& M 22
kf& M 22
kf& M 22
kf& M 22
kf& M 22
:jfledfg
:jfledfg
:jfledfg
:jfledfg
:jfledfg
– r
– r
– r]tg jflzi&]tg jflzi&
]]tg jflzi&
tg jflzi&
– r
– r]tg jflzi&
\
]
| ;fd|fHo;fd|fHo
] ;fdfHo
{
]
]
'
]
wfjf
æca gkfn;u obw ug anf cfof . olt ;fgf bzn xfdf ;fd|fHo;fd|fHodfly wfjfwfjf afNg s ]
]
|
]
wfjf
F
]
]
]
wfjf
]
{
]
"
]
\
F
|
'
]
'
'
]
{
;frsf %g logn < ;o gc:tfpg ;fdfHo;u Pp^f e;gfn kmtL nfpg ldN% <Æ
F hg/nhg/n x]l:^+x]l:^+
]
/S;Lsf r:sL lnb hg/nhg/n x]l:^+x]l:^+ ] \ } F ]
'
} hg/n xl:^+n cfkmgf ;lgs ldýx¿;u ;Nnfx lng rfx . pgL
]
Curriculum Development Centre
ueg
/
O:^ OlG*of sDkgL
O:^ OlG*of sDkgL
ueg
{{/
{{/
ueg
O:^ OlG*of sDkgL ueg{/
O:^ OlG*of sDkgL
O:^ OlG*of sDkgLsf nflu gofF ueg/ lyP . pgn] ;}lgs ;]jfdf /fd|f] Voflt
]
sdfO;ssf lyP . pgL pu, ?vf]?vf]]?vf]] / s&f/ :jefjsf ePsfn pgnfO gkfn sAhf ug {
?vf
{
]
]
| ?vf
]
]
]
la^g ;/sf/n ef/tdf 4 cS^fa/ 1813 df ueg/ agfO k&fPsf lyof . pgL
{
]
]
|
{
]
"
hg/n
"
cfkmkjsf hg/nhg/neGbf cfkm"nfO{ leGg / zlStzfnL &fGy] . lhb\bL :jefjsf x]l:^+
{
hg/n
hg/n
[ dxTTjfsf+\IffdxTTjfsf+\Iff
{
]
cfkmgf ;donfO dxTTjk)f agfpg rfxGy . pgdf pTsi^ dxTTjfsf+\IffdxTTjfsf+\Iff lyof] .
\
"
{
\
dxTTjfsf+Iff
]
{
]
]
]
]
'
]
]
F
]
|
]
\
|
cfkmgf ;xofuLsf kltljmof cfpgkj pgn kml/ eg, æo:tf ;fgf /fi^n la^g;u hf/L
]
]
"
«
|
vfHg < xfdL d/f&fd/f&f lzvlzv / g]kfnLnfO{ Ps} :jf;df lgNg ;S%f}F . g]kfnnfO{ t d
d/f&f, lzvlzv
]
]
d/f&f
d/f&f lzv
'
}
]
]
F
'
]
]
]
cfnfdf grfOlbG% . lognfO nfesf kf;f kmflnlbof eg tL aTtLsf ktnL em emlDdg
{
]
'
F
}
]
cfp%g . clg %fgL %fgL logsf cGTo ugk% . clg t Tof lr;f ;Gb/ eefu xfdf | ]
]
]
'
F
\
"
{
{
'
\
unf
a+unf
'
xG% . kxf*sf zLtn kmf^df ;Gb/ a+\unf a+\unf
'
]
F
\ a+ a+\unf agfP/ ToxLFaf^ xfd|f] /fh ;'? x'G% .
F
]
]
]
\
]
{
'
F
'
Toxfsf h+unsf sf& NofP/ O:^ OlG*of sDkgLsf x/s &fpdf /n u*fpgk% .
;fd
;fd|fHo M;fd|fHo M ;;fgf w/ cf^f /fHox¿ ;lDdlnt eP/ agsf &nf /fHo
}
]
]
]
;fd|fHo M
||fHo M
]
fHo M
'
]
;fd
wfjf M cfjmd)f, xdnf
wfjf M
wfjf M
|
wfjf M
wfjf M
hg/n x
hg/n x
hg/n x]l:^+ M]l:^+ M 6 l*;Dj/ 1732 df hGd/ 22 cu:^ 1818 df dTo ePsf a+ufnsf nflu
hg/n x]l:^+ M
hg/n x
'
[
]
\
l:^+ M
]]l:^+ M
]
{
kyd ueg/ hg/n
|
Oi^ OlG*of sDkgL M
Oi^ OlG*of sDkgL M ef/tdf pklgj]z sfod ug{ ;g\ 1757 b]lv 1857 ;Dd a]nfot ;/sf/n]
Oi^ OlG*of sDkgL M
Oi^ OlG*of sDkgL M
Oi^ OlG*of sDkgL M
]
ef/tdf k&fPsf sDkgL
ueg{/ M{/ M sg kfGt jf kbzsf zf;s, /fi^ a+ssf kzf;g ;~rfng ug kdv
ueg
ueg
'
ueg
|
]
]
/ M
«
]
|
|
ueg{/ M
]
{
|
'
}
}
{{/ M
\
kbflwsf/L
?vf] M?vf] M zLn, :jefj, ljgo, gdtf cflb u)f gePsf ]
?vf
M
]] M
?vf] M
|
?vf
'
hg/n M
hg/n M ;gfsf pRr clwst, hgn
[
{
hg/n M
]
]
hg/n M
hg/n M
]
dxTTjfsf+
\\Iff M
Iff M
dxTTjfsf+\Iff M s'g} &'nf] sfd s'/f ug]{ rfxgf
dxTTjfsf+
dxTTjfsf+\Iff MdxTTjfsf+\Iff M
d/f&f M ;g 1674 blv 1818 ;Dd xfn ef/tsf] dxf/fi^df /fHo ug dun jz
d/f&f M
d/f&f M
{
d/f&f M
ª
'
d/f&f M
]
«
\
]
lzv M ;g 1799 blv 1849 ;Dd k~rfjdf zlStdf /xsf /fHo zlSt
]
lzv M
lzv M
]
]
lzv M
\
lzv M
a+ a+\unf Ma+\unf M rf/lt/ vnf ePsf ;fgf xfjfbf/L #/
unf M
]
a+\unf M
\ a+\unf M
}
'
]
gkfnL, sIff 8
]