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Nature or • Acute diseases (Short-term • Chronic or long term
characteristics of disease) Examples: Cholera, diseases
disease common cold, diarrhoea, • Can be prevented easily but
dsentery, typhoid, etc. difficult to cure

• Life-threatening and
incurable diseases
Examples: AIDS, Hepatitis
B, etc.

7.11 Some non-communicable Diseases

A. Cancer
Cancer is a non-communicable disease. It is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell
growth with the potential to spread or invade to other parts of the body. Cancer may
occur in any organ of the body.

Cancer generally occurs in uterus and breasts of females and mouth, throat, testes, urethra
and penis of males. More than 100 types of cancers are known so far.

Fig: 13
Mouth cancer Lung cancer Throat cancer Uterus cancer

Cancer is one of the major causes of death of human Do You Know
beings throughout the world. Twenty percent of
cancer patients die of smoking. In developing • The branch of Biology that
countries, about 70% of people die of cancer. About deals with cancer is called
76 lakh people die of cancer throughout the world oncology.
every year. It is estimated that about 1 crore 14 lakh • In 2015 AD, 8.8 million
people will die of cancer every year till 2030 AD.
people died of cancer while
The growth of tumour in the body is simply 90.5 million people had
considered as cancer. However, not all tumours cancer.
are cancerous. Benign tumours do not spread to
other parts of the body. Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding,
prolonged cough, unexplained weightloss, and a change in bowel movements.

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