Page 109 - Social Studies 4

plateau in the world and is called the ‘Tableland of the world”. Some of
the important rivers of China are Hwango Ho and Yangtse Kiang. Hwang
Ho is called ‘Sorrow of China’ as it often causes floods.

Climate

China is cooler than Nepal and India. From November to January the
climate remains very cold. In summer, the deserts in the north become
very hot. The rainy season begins from May.

History

The Chinese civilization is one of the oldest civilizations of the world. In
the past, China was ruled by the emperors of several dynasties such as the
Ming dynasty and Manchu dynasty. During the rule of Manchu dynasty,
a revolution took place under the leadership of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. China
became republic in 1911 AD. A communist government was established
by Mao Tse Tung in 1949 AD.

Political system

China is a people’s republic. The capital of China is Beijing. Some other
important cities are Shanghai and Chongquing. Hong Kong is under the
Chinese rule since 1998 AD and Macau since 1999AD. The head of the
state is the Psresident. There is a communist government which carries
out all governmental functions.

Social life

As China is a communist country, it has no state religion. However, most
of the people follow Confucianism. There are also a large number of
people following Buddhism and Taoism. China also has a few Christians
and Muslims. The people of China speak Chinese. They eat rice, different
vegetables and a lot of sea food. They drink a lot of tea. Chinese food is
enjoyed all over the world.

Economic life

China is an agricultural country. It produces rice, wheat, sugarcane,
tobacco, etc. Chinese silk is famous all over the world. It has coal, iron,
tin and aluminum mines. There are many large scale and small scale

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