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HYPHEN ( - ) EM DASH ( — )
The hyphen is used when writing several The em dash is used when creating a
compound nouns or name words made pause or break and showing emphasis
up of two or more words. or interruption. It is followed by a
statement that provides additional
Examples: information to make a message easier to

• Teachers must always consider understand.
the well-being of their students.

• My brother-in-law is an Examples:
adventurous photographer. • I visited Atty. Sobrevilla—my
former civil law professor.

• Unfortunately, my grandfather
gave away Mack—his beloved
goldfish.

COLON ( : ) SEMICOLON ( ; )
The colon is used to introduce a word, The semicolon is used when connecting
phrase, list, or quotation. related sentences. However, the second
sentence must start with a small letter.
Examples:

• Lloyd has only one thing in mind: Examples:
video games. • I have my own laptop; my

• Joy likes sweet food: cheesecake, grandmother has a tablet.
strawberry cookies, and vanilla • Isabela’s skirt is blue; Yvonne’s is
ice cream. yellow.

TRY THIS!

Read each sentence carefully. Then write the punctuation marks—( - ), ( — ), ( : ), or (
; )—where they are needed.
1. Do you know Joshua my friend from Pampanga?

2. I have not tried riding a merry go round in my entire life.
3. My parents taught me one important thing to respect nature.
4. These are Lyanna’s favorite colors gray, silver, black, and blue.

5. Sansa’s room is filled with floral designs her brother’s is just plain.

4