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THE MUSLIM EDUCATIONAL METHODOLOGY            193

                           turns afterfajr prayer they would listen to his recitation then emulate him,
                           reciting amongst themselves for practice.52
                             Conceding the involvement of two different methodologies in the spread
                           of the Qur'an versus the sunna, there are nevertheless a few points common
                           to the transmission of both:
                             1. Knowledge requires direct contact, andexclusive reliance onbooks isprohibited.
                                 Simply owning a Mushaf can never displace the necessityof learning
                                 how to recite from a knowledgeable instructor.
                             2. A stringentstandardofmorality isdemandedofallteachers. If an individual's
                                 peers know him to be of questionable habits, no one will seek his
                                 tutelage.
                             3. Skeuhing transmission diagrams using bibliographicaldata alone does notprovide
                                 afull view ofthe subjecrs immensity. To outline the Qur'an's diffusion,
                                 as we did with the sixth part of one manuscript of Sunan IbnMOja,
                                 would require a registry of every Muslim who has walked this earth
                                 from the dawn of Islam to our present day.



                                                    10. Conclusion

                           Recourse to a recognised instructor, inspection of biographies to uncover
                           personal character, legitimacy as established through reading certificates,
                           and other facets of this methodology united to form a powerful barrier
                           against distortion in the books of sunna. But with the exception of professional
                           reciters, the one field not subjected to vigorous isniidswas the transmission
                           of the Qur'an, for in this sale area was textual corruption impossible. That
                           the exact same words echoed from every mosque, school, house and bazaar
                           throughout all corners of the Muslim nation was a greater safeguard against
                           corruption than anything any human system could have promised.

















                             52 Adh-Dhahabi, Seyr, ii:346.
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