Page 4 - analysis-and-interpretation-of-astronomical-sp
P. 4
Analysis and Interpretation of Astronomical Spectra 4
14.3 The Evolution of the Sun in the HRD............................................................................................ 59
14.4 The Evolution of Massive Stars .................................................................................................... 60
14.5 The Relation between Stellar Mass and Life Expectancy .......................................................... 60
14.6 Age Estimation of Star Clusters ................................................................................................... 61
15 The Measurement of the Radial Velocity............................................................62
15.1 The Radial Velocity ........................................................................................................................ 62
15.2 The Classical Doppler Effect......................................................................................................... 62
15.3 The z-Value - A Fundamental Measure of Modern Cosmology.................................................. 63
15.4 The Relativistic Doppler Effect for Electromagnetic Waves ...................................................... 64
15.5 The Measurement of the Doppler Shift ....................................................................................... 64
15.6 Radial Velocities of Nearby Stars ................................................................................................. 65
15.7 Relative Shift within a Spectrum caused by the Doppler Effect................................................ 65
15.8 Radial Velocities of Galaxies ........................................................................................................ 65
15.9 The Apparent Dilemma at ................................................................................................... 66
15.10 Radial Velocity- and Cosmological Spacetime Expansion at Messier-Galaxies....................... 66
15.11 The Redshift of the Quasar 3C273.............................................................................................. 68
15.12 The Gravitational Redshift ............................................................................................................ 69
15.13 Short Excursus on "Hubble time" tH ............................................................................................. 69
16 The Measurement of the Rotation Velocity........................................................70
16.1 Terms and Definitions ................................................................................................................... 70
16.2
16.3 The Rotation Velocity of the Large Planets ................................................................................. 70
16.4
16.5 The Rotation Velocity of the Sun.................................................................................................. 71
16.6
16.7 The Rotation Velocity of Galaxies ................................................................................................ 71
Calculation of the Value with the Velocity Difference ................................................ 71
The Rotation Velocity of the Stars ............................................................................................... 73
The Rotation Velocity of the Circumstellar Disks around Be Stars ........................................... 75
17 The Measurement of the Expansion Velocity.....................................................79
17.1 P Cygni Profiles.............................................................................................................................. 79
17.2 Inverse P Cygni Profiles ................................................................................................................ 79
17.3 Broadening of the Emission Lines................................................................................................ 80
17.4 Splitting of the Emission Lines ..................................................................................................... 80
18 The Measurement of the Stellar Photosphere Temperature............................81
18.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 81
18.2 Temperature Estimation of the Spectral Class ........................................................................... 81
18.3 Temperature Estimation Applying Wien’s Displacement Law................................................... 82
18.4 Temperature Determination Based on Individual Lines ............................................................. 85
18.5 The “Balmer-Thermometer“.......................................................................................................... 85
19 Spectroscopic Binary Stars ..................................................................................87
19.1 Terms and Definitions ................................................................................................................... 87
19.2 Effects of the Binary Orbit on the Spectrum ............................................................................... 88
19.3 The Perspectivic Influence from the Spatial Orientation of the Orbit ....................................... 90
19.4 The Estimation of some Orbital Parameters ............................................................................... 91
20 Balmer–Decrement...............................................................................................93
20.1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................... 93
20.2 Qualitative Analysis ....................................................................................................................... 93
20.3 Quantitative Analysis .................................................................................................................... 94
20.4 Quantitative Definition of the Balmer-Decrement ...................................................................... 95
