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E. Cancer
Cancer is a disease in which some of the body's cells grow uncon-
trollably and spread to other parts of the body.It is caused by un-
healthy eating habit and lifestyle, smoking, alcohol consumption,
drug consumption, harn1ful chemicals or pesticides, and genetic fac-
tor. Human papillomavirus causes cervical cancer and helicobacter
pylori causes stomach cancer. People of all ages can be affected by
this disease.Cancer can start anywhere in the body. Some common
cancers areneck, mouth, breastand lung cancers.
There are different types of cancers and they have different signs
and sy1nptoms. There are sonrn conunon symptoms. Unusual lumps
seem on the body. New moles appear and the colour and size of the
n1oles change. People suffer fr01n coughing for long periods of time
and sometimes coughing up blood. There is a sore throat and hoarse-
ness in the voice. It takes time for the wound to be cured. There is
unexplained weight loss. There may be bleeding from the urethra
and anus.
We have to eat fresh and healthy food to prevent ourselves from can-
cer. We should avoid the food items in which chemicals and pesti-
cides are used. We should not consume alcoholic drinks and drugs.
We should avoid smoking. If unusual lu1npsand moles appear, we
should havea medical checkup. Cancers can be cured if detected
early and treated effectively. Therefore, awareness is necessary.
Activity 4.2

Form small groups. Search the causes and preventive measures of
cancer with the help of websites or other reference materials and
present your conclusion in the class.

4.3 School Safety
Children spend 6 - 8 hours in school.
.......
Therefore, it is essential to ensurea safe
and healthy environment in school for chil-
dren, teachers and other staff members.
School safety is a creating safe environment
for children, starting from the homes to
their school and back. It includes physical,

50 Health, Physical ai1d Creillive arts, grade 8