Page 480 - (DK) The Ultimate Visual Dictionary 2nd Ed.

ARCHITECTURE
DETAILS FROM ITALIAN
Baroque and BAROQUE CHURCHES

neoclassical 1

THE BAROQUE STYLE EVOLVED IN THE EARLY 17TH CENTURY in Rome. It is characterized
by curved outlines and ostentatious decoration, as can be seen in the Italian church
details (right). The baroque style was particularly widely favored in Italy, Spain,
and Germany. It was also adopted in Britain and France, but with adaptations. The
British architects Sir Christopher Wren and Nicholas Hawksmoor, for example,
used baroque features—such as the concave walls of St. Paul’s Cathedral and the SCROLLED BUTTRESS,
curved buttresses of the Church of St. George in the East (see pp. 480-481)—but CHURCH OF ST. MARIA DELLA
they did so with restraint. Similarly, the curved buttresses and volutes of the SALUTE, VENICE, 1631-1682
Parisian Church of St. Paul-St. Louis are relatively plain. In the second half of
the 17th century, a distinct classical style (known as neoclassicism) developed in
northern Europe as a reaction to the excesses of baroque. Typical of this new style
were churches such as the Madeleine (a proposed facade is shown below), as well
as secular buildings such as the Cirque Napoleon (opposite) and the buildings of
the British architect Sir John Soane (see pp. 482-483). In early 18th-century
France, an extremely lavish form of baroque developed, known as rococo.
The balcony from Nantes (see pp. 482-483) with its twisted ironwork
and head-shaped corbels is typical of this style. Attached segmental pediment
Finial
Lantern
Round-arched window Raking cornice
Parapet
Twin pilaster
Frieze
Attic Cornice
story Coved dome Panel STATUE OF THE ECSTASY OF
ST. THERESA, CHURCH OF ST. MARIA
DELLA VITTORIA, ROME, 1645-1652
Triple keystone
Triangular pediment Dentil Urn Modillion
ornament (bracket)
Balustrade Cornice
Re-entrant
entablature Entablature
Composite Raised panel
capital
Festoon
Attached
triangular
pediment Intermediate
cornice
Blind window
Volute
Composite
column Fluted shaft
Composite Base
pilaster
Socle

Door jamb Architrave Blind door
PROPOSED FACADE, THE MADELEINE (NEOCLASSICAL), PARIS, FRANCE, 1764 (BY P. CONTANT D’IVRY)

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