Page 620 - (DK) The Ultimate Visual Dictionary 2nd Ed.

APPENDIX
Time zones

The world is divided into 24 time –2 –1 0 +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +10 +11 +12 –12 –11 –10 –9 –8 –7 –6 –5 –4 –3 –2
zones, measured in relation to 12 noon
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), on the
Greenwich Meridian (0°). Time advances +4 +7 A R C T I C O C E A N
by one hour for every 15° longitude east of –3 0 +1 –4 0
Greenwich (and goes back one hour for –1 +3 +10 International Date Line –1
every 15° west), but the system is adjusted -3
in line with administrative boundaries. +1
Numbers on the map indicate the number +2 +11 –9 Arctic Circle
of hours that must be added to, or 0 +12
subtracted from UTC to calculate the time +3 +10 –8 –7
in each zone. Thus, the eastern United +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9
States (–5) is 5 hours behind UTC. 0 +4 –10 –4
TYPES OF CALENDAR +1 +2 +10 –5 –3 / 2
1
+6
GREGORIAN –6
The 365-day Gregorian calendar was -1 +4 +4 +5 P A C I F I C
introduced by Pope Gregory XIII in 1582 0 +2 +5 +9 O C E A N ATLANTIC
and is now in use throughout most of the -1 +8 OCEAN
1
1
Western world. Every four years (leap year) +3 / 2 +4 / 2 –7
an extra day is added. Below are the names 0 +5 +5 / 4 +6
3
of the months (and number of days). +2
+3 –11 Tropic of Cancer
1
January (31) July (31) +6 +6 / 2 –10 –5
1
February (28, 29 in August (31) -1 0 +1 +5 / 2
leap years) September (30) +3 +7
March (31) October (31) –1 –4
April (30) November (30) +5 / 2 +12
1
1
May (31) December (31) +3 +8 +10 –10 –4 / 2
June (30) +9 +11
0 0 0 Equator
JEWISH +7 +13 +14 –5
The Jewish calendar is a lunar calendar +2 +4 +8
adapted to the solar year. It normally has 12 0 1 –9 / 2
1
months but in leap years, which occur seven 0 +1 +6 / 2 –4
times in every cycle of 19 years, there are 13 –10 –3
months. The years are calculated from the +3 1 +11 –10
Creation (which is placed at 3761 BC); the +9 / 2 Tropic of Capricorn
months are Nisan, Iyyar, Sivan, Thammuz, +8 +13 –8 –6
Ab, Elul, Tishri, Hesvan, Kislev, Tebet, ATLANTIC +2 I N D I A N +10 +11 / 2
1
1
Sebat, and Adar, with an intercalary month OCEAN O C E A N +9 / 2 –3
(First Adar) being added in leap years. +10 / 2
1
0 –4
ISLAMIC 0
The Islamic calendar is based on a year of 12 +12
months, each month beginning roughly Greenwich Meridian P A C I F I C
3
at the time of the New Moon. The months +5 +5 +12 / 4 O C E A N
are Muharram, Safar, Rabi’I, Rabi’II, Jumada
I, Jumada II, Rajab, Sha’ban, Ramadan, –4
Shawwal, Dhu l-Qa’dah, and Dhu l-Hijja. –3
–2
CHINESE
The Chinese calendar is a lunar calendar,
with a year consisting of 12 months. 11:00 12:00 13:00 14:00 15:00 16:00 17:00 18:00 19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 24:00 01:00 02:00 03:00 04:00 05:00 06:00 07:00 08:00 09:00 10:00
Intercalary months are added to keep the Antarctic Circle
calendar in step with the solar year of 365 –3
days. Months are referred to by a number
within a year, but also by animal names
that, from ancient times, have been
attached to years and hours of the day.
618
US_618-619.indd 618 09/08/2016 16:22