Page 41 - (DK Eyewitness) Top 10 Travel Guide - Israel & Petra

Moments in History ❮❮ 39

1516: Ottoman
6 TOP 10 BIBLICAL AND
Rule Begins
Ottoman Turkish rule lasted for HISTORICAL FIGURES
almost exactly 400 years.
1917: Balfour Declaration
7
The British government
declared its support for “the estab-
lishment in Palestine of a national
home for the Jewish people.”
Ottoman rule ended when British
forces captured Palestine in 1917–18.
1948: Declaration
8 Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat
of the State of Israel
Following the 1947 decision of the 1 Moses (c.1250 BC)
Judaism’s most important prophet
UN’s General Assembly to partition led the Exodus from Egypt and
Palestine into two states, one Arab, received the Ten Commandments
the other Jewish, violence engulfed at Mount Sinai.
the country. Ben-Gurion’s provisional 2 King David (c.1040–970 BC)
Jewish government declared inde- After capturing Jerusalem, David made
pendence, and British forces with drew. it the Israelite capital of a large empire.
About 700,000 Palestinian Arabs fled 3 Herod the Great (c.73 BC– AD 4)
or were forced from their homes. Herod was appointed King of Judea
by the Romans; his great construction
works are still dotted across the land.
4 Jesus (c.2 BC– AD 30)
Christians believe Jesus Christ was
the Son of God, and that he died
on the cross and was resurrected.
5 Rabbi Akiva (AD 40–137)
One of Judaism’s greatest scholars,
Rabbi Akiva was killed by the Romans
for his part in the Bar Kochba Revolt.
6 Baldwin I (r.1100–18)
Dome of the Rock after the Six-Day War Crowning himself “King of Jerusalem”
in the Church of the Nativity on
1967: Six-Day War
9 Christmas Day, French King Baldwin
From 1949 to 1967, Jerusalem
was merciless to his enemies.
was divided along the Green Line 7 Saladin (c.1137–93)
between Israel and Jordan. The Six- Muslim general Salah-al Din drove
Day War saw the Israelis launch a the Crusaders from the Holy Land
preemptive strike and capture the and is noted for his honor in battle.
Golan, the Sinai, the Gaza Strip, the 8 David Ben-Gurion (1886–1973)
West Bank, and East Jerusalem. Leader of Socialist Zionism, Ben-Gurion
was Israel’s first prime minister.
1994: Oslo Peace Process
0 9 Yitzhak Rabin (1922–95)
The 1993 Oslo Accords gave
the Palestinian Authority (PA) control Israeli Prime Minister Rabin was
assassinated by a Jewish right-wing
of West Bank and Gaza towns. In extremist a year after winning the
1994 Jordan and Israel signed a Nobel Peace Prize.
historic peace treaty. Since then, 10 Yasser Arafat (1929–2004)
Rabin’s assassination, the rise of Leader of the PLO, Arafat fought for
Hamas, suicide bombings, and the years to liberate Palestine, but was a
construction of Israeli settle ments key player in later peace negotiations.
have stalled the peace process.

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