Page 33 - (DK Eyewitness) Travel Guide - Pacific Northwest

A POR TR AIT OF THE P A CIFIC NOR THWEST  31

Canoes made of birch bark or
dug out of massive cedar logs
provided an essential mode of
transportation on the many rivers
that formed a network of trade
routes throughout the Pacific
Northwest. Canoes ranged in size
from small vessels for personal
use to large and elaborately
decorated ceremonial canoes.

Wigwams were built as dwellings by tribes living in
the interior, such as the Nez Perce, Yakama, Cayuse,
Shoshone, and Modoc. More permanent longhouses
were preferred by many of the tribes that settled
along the Pacific Northwest coast from southern
Alaska down to Oregon. They include the Tlingit,
the Tsimshian, the Haida, the Kwagiutl, the Makah,
and the Coast Salish.

Noteworthy Chiefs

Chief Seattle (1786–1866), Chief Joseph (1840–1904) Chief Joe Capilano (1850–
leader of the Duwamish and was the renowned leader of 1910) was born on what
Squamish tribes, was just six the Nez Perce tribe. In 1877, is now Vancouver’s North
years old when he witnessed his tribe was forced out of Shore. An esteemed Squamish
the arrival of Captain Vancouver its beloved Wallowa Valley in chief, he and his wife Mary,
in Puget Sound. He frequently Oregon. The tribe fled, fighting, known as the “Indian Princess
petitioned American and British and Chief Joseph showed great of Peace,” visited King Edward
authorities for Indian rights and skill leading his warriors in bat- VII in Great Britain in 1906
urged peaceful coexistence tle against the American troops to present a petition for
with settlers. until his defeat the same year. Indian rights.

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