Page 61 - (DK Eyewitness) Travel Guide - South Africa

THE HIST OR Y OF SOUTH AFRIC A  59

Apartheid Where to See the
Afrikaans for “separateness”, Apartheid Years
this term was used as a slogan District Six Museum (p129),
by the National Party, which on the edge of this former
brought it into force as a Cape Town precinct, shows
policy after winning the 1948 what life was like in this
election. In keeping with racial largely Muslim community
classification laws, skin colour before it was cleared under
dictated where people were the Group Areas Act, a
allowed to live, be educated, keystone of the apartheid
work and even be buried. Sex regime, starting in 1966.
“across the colour bar” was Exhibits at Johannesburg’s
punishable by imprisonment. celebrated – if harrowing –
Loss of land was among the Security police “house calls”
system’s most terrible inflictions. enforced apartheid laws Apartheid Museum (p317) and
Liliesleaf Farm (p321), depict
the struggle for democracy.
The Iziko Slave Lodge (p128)
in Cape Town and Museum
Africa (p314) in Johannesburg
also have interesting displays.
The Voortrekker Museum
and Monument (p325) in
Pretoria offer an insight into
Afrikaner Nationalism.

African Nationalism
Drum, first published in the
1950s, was important for
black journalists. Not afraid to Museum Africa in Johannes burg
criticize the white regime, they shows the living conditions in a
rekin dled African Nationalism. township like Sophiatown.

Apartheid’s Architects
Dutch-born Hendrik Ver woerd
(1901–66), prime minister from
1958 until his assassination,
and Charles Robberts Swart
(1894–1982), the minister of District Six, “the life and soul of
justice, implemented many Cape Town”, was declared a white
apartheid measures. area in 1966.

1955 Petrol is made from coal for
the first time in South Africa
1936 First 1948 National Party 1950
printing of the elected as the country’s Communism 1958 Hendrik Verwoerd becomes
Bible in Afrikaans First edition of government is outlawed prime minister of South Africa
Afrikaans Bible
1940 1950 1960
1927 Compulsory 1960 Police shoot 69
racial segre gation 1949 Prohibition of Mixed Marriages demonstrators at Sharpeville.
dec lared in many 1939 South Africa declares Act, the first of many apartheid laws, is Whites-only referendum opts
urban areas war on Germany passed by Parliament for a republic

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