Page 22 - (DK Eyewitness) Travel Guide - Lisbon

20  INTRODUCING LISBON

The Rulers of Portugal

Afonso Henriques declared himself Portugal’s first king
in 1139, but his descendants’ ties of marriage to various
Spanish kingdoms led to dynastic disputes. João I’s defeat
of the Castilians in 1385 established the House of Avis, which
presided over the golden age of Portuguese imperialism.
Then in 1580, in the absence of a direct heir, Portugal was
ruled by Spanish kings for 60 years before the Duke of
Bragança became João IV. A Republican uprising ended
the monarchy in 1910. However, in the first 16 years of
the Republic there were 40 different 1557–78 Sebastião
governments, and in 1926 Portugal
became a dictatorship under the
eventual leadership of Salazar.
Democracy was restored by the 1521–57
João III
Carnation Revolution of 1974.

1211–23 Afonso II

1185–1211
Sancho I 1248–79 1481–95
Afonso III 1279–1325 Dinis João II
1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600
House of Burgundy Avis Hapsburg
1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600

1325–57 Afonso IV
1357–67 Pedro I
1223–48
Sancho II 1367–83 Fernando I 1438–81
Afonso V
1139–85
Afonso 1578–80
Henriques 1433–8 Henrique
(Afonso I) Duarte
1580–98
Felipe I (Philip
II of Spain)

1385–1433 João I

1495–1521 Manuel I

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