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been consistent performers.
           “It is still a key operation with good
         cash coming out of it so it is important we
         keep it going as long as we can,” Lougher
         said.
           The  FY2020  results  highlighted  why
         Lougher is so keen to keep the For-
         restania operations ticking along.
           The company posted its highest profit
         in seven years in the period, with net
         profit after tax up 125% to $31.9 million
         and EBITDA increased to $121.9 million.
         The cash generation came off the back
         of  20,926t  of nickel-in-concentrate  pro-
         duced over the 12-month period.
           “Flying Fox is getting a bit long in the
         tooth, but it is still producing good nickel,
         we just have to work a bit harder to push
         the mine life beyond two years,” he said.
           “At Spotted Quoll we are doing some
         work with HiSeis to target new orebod-
         ies, then at New Morning we have the
         potential for another small underground
         mine in the next few years.”
           Away from the drill bit, the company is
         intent on deploying its patented BioHeap
         processing technology to extract a high-
         grade nickel product out of mill scats.
         Lougher  believes  the  project  –  sched-
         uled to start construction by Christmas –
         could provide a pathway to treatment of
         lower-grade nickel deposits well into the
         future at Forrestania.              to increase its market share. The battery   demand dynamics, leading to the crea-
           “Once it is established, it opens up a   market currently uses around 8% of glob-  tion of the Chinese nickel pig iron indus-
         number of other targets in that region,”   al nickel production but this is predicted   try. Since establishing itself in the early
         he said.                            to rise to as much as 25% by 2035 as EV   2010s, NPI has fed the Chinese stain-
           Outside  its  home  state,  Western  Ar-  penetration increases.       less steel market with cheap nickel, pro-
         eas is finding early exploration success   The  demand  side  of  the  equation  is   duced from laterite deposits in Indone-
         on  its Western  Gawler project in South   more complicated. Nickel’s price spike   sia, Philippines and New Caledonia. Its
         Australia.                          to $US50,000/t in 2007 disrupted supply/  emergence placed a ceiling on the nickel
           “We moved into the area six years
         ago because we thought, like a lot of
         Australia, it was being ignored because
         it was under cover,” Lougher said. “We
         took a punt and it has been six years in
         the making. The JV with Iluka Resources
         [Ltd] has allowed us to zoom in on an
         area we like. There is still a lot of work to
         do and the plan is to next do some more
         geophysics to better delineate further
         targets. It is early days but the quality of
         the drill results to date are very positive
         for future exploration.”
           Driving Western Areas’ enthusiasm
         for nickel is the bullish predictions of de-
         mand growth through the 2020s. Since
         before the discovery of the Kambalda
         nickel camp in the late 1960s, the base
         metal’s prospects have been pinned to
         the stainless steel sector – first in the US
         and Europe, then Korea and Japan and
         latterly China.
           While stainless steel remains the
         dominant user of nickel (more than 70%
         in 2019) the lithium-ion battery sector,
         particularly for EV batteries, continues


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