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EV demand has implications for metals



           Nickel facing strong demand pull from EV sector








                               Tesla’s focus on nickel is clear                                                       Class 1 Nickel Supply and Demand Outlook                                   2


                                                                                                               kt
           “Technically, our cells should be called nickel-graphite, because                                  2,500

           the primary constituent in the cell as a whole is nickel.”



                                                                                                              2,000
           “Tesla will give you a giant contract for a long period of time, if
           you mine nickel efficiently and in an environmentally sensitive

           way.”
                                                                                                              1,500

                                                                    Elon Musk – Tesla CEO


                                                                                                              1,000






                                  Tesla Cathode Cost Breakdown              1                                  500



                            35%                    25%         5%             35%
                                                                                                                 -
                                                                                                                      2020    2021   2022    2023   2024    2025    2026   2027    2028   2029    2030

                          Nickel         Lithium          Cobalt         Processing                                         EV demand                                 Stationary storage demand
                                                                                                                            Consumer electronics demand               Non-battery demand
                                                                                                                            Flexible non-battery demand               Production capacity



            1)  Source: Tesla Battery Day Presentation 2020
            2)  Source:  BloombergNEF                                                                                                                                                                        3
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