Page 605 - APPLIED PROCESS DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL AND PETROCHEMICAL PLANTS, Volume 1, 3rd Edition

Appendix 571

A-2.
Physical Property Conversion Factors

Acceleration of gravity= 32.172 ft./sec./sec. = 10.73 (lb.-force/sq. in abs.) (cu.ft.)/(lb.-mol) R)
(
0
= 980.6 cm./sec./sec. = 18,510 (lb.-force/sq.in.) (cu.in.)/(lb.-mol) ( R)
0
0
Electrical conductance; = 0.7302 (Atm) ( cu.ft.)/ (lb.-mol) ( R)
l mho = l ohm'?
R1 = R/mol.wt. gas
= 10- megamho where: R 1 = individual gas constant
6
= 10 micromho
6
Avogadro Constant, Na = 6.02252 X 10 23 molecules/
mo!
Heat Value of Fuel
Density, Vapor or Gases (Ideal), p
Lower heating value
= Higher heating value - 10.3 (9H2 + H20), Btu/lb. = (mo!. wt., vapor) (14.7 + p) (460 + 32) lbs./cu.ft.
where: H 2 = weight % hydrogen in fuel p 359 14.7 460 +Of>
H20 = weight % water vapor in fuel where: p = gage pressure at actual condition, psig
GPM = (pounds/hour) /(500 X Sp.Cr.) °F = fahrenheit temperature at actual condition
. 0.321 (GPM)
Velocity, feet/sec. - .
A
(Fl ow rea, sq .m. ) 144 P
Head, feet= 2.31 (Pressure or head, psi) /Sp.Gr. p =--,pounds/cu.ft.
R 1 T
_(GPM) (Sp.Gr.) (Head, feet;
B k h BHP 3960 (Effi iciency, raction ) where: P = absolute pressure, pounds/sq. in. abs.
.
ra e orsepower,
.
f
0
T = absolute temperature, "Rankine, R
Weight/Volume (avoirdupois unless otherwise stated) o = standard conditions (0°C & 760 mm Hg)
V = V (P /P") (T/T 0)
0
0
Density of sea water= 1.025 grams/cc.
I gram-molecular volume of a gas at 760 mm Hg and P''V = 1543 n T; P" = PSF abs.; V = cu. ft.
0° C. = 22.4 liters
1 U. S. gallon = ( 8.34 X Sp.Gr. of fluid), pounds T = R; n = Lb. moles
0
Weight of one cu.ft. liquid = (62.32 pounds X Sp.Gr.
of fluid), pounds/cu.ft. cu.ft. = � (359) (273 + oc) ( 14. 7 ) at p, -c
1 pound avoirdupois = 1.2153 pound apothecaries' MW 273 p + 14.7
1 grain avoirdupois = 1 grain troy = 1 grain apothe-
caries' weight Specific Volume, Gas or Vapor
V == I/p, cu.ft./pound
Air Analysis"
Velocity of sound in dry air @ 0° C. and 1 atm.
By Weight% By Volume% 1,089 ft./sec.
Nitrogen 75.47 78.2 Density of dry air @ 0° C. and 1 atm.
Oxygen 23.19 21.0
= 0.001293 gm/cu.cm.
* Neglects trace gases such as argon, xenon, helium, krypton and = 0.0808 lb./ cu.ft.
assumes dry basis.
Gas Constants, ( R), Universal Viscosity (Dynamic)
1 Poise = 1 gram/cm.-sec. = 1 dyne-sec./sq:cm.
R = 0.0821 (atm) (liter)/(g-mol) (°K) = 0.1 kg/meter-sec.
= 1.987 (g-cal.)/(g-mol) (°K)
= 1.987 Btu/ (lb.-mol) ( R) 1 Poise X 100 = Centi poise ( µ.)
0
3
= 1.987 (Chu)/ (lb.-mol) (°K) Poise X 2.09 X lQ- = slugs/ft.-sec.
= 8.314 joules/(g-mol) (°K) = pounds (force)-sec./sq.ft.
0
= 1,546 (ft.) (lb.force)/(lb.-mol) ( R) Poise X 0.10 = pascal-sec.
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