Page 5 - 1202 Question Bank Grammar Form 4

MUST

KNOW Important Notes

The Present Tense
Present Perfect Past Simple
Used to show: Used to show:
• Unfinished actions in the • Finished actions Present Simple Present Continuous
past that are continued to the E.g. knew (verb + present participle)
present • Talks about habits, routines, • Talks about an action
©PAN ASIA PUBLICATIONS
E.g. have known
• A finished action in a person’s • A finished action in a person’s repeated actions or events happening now
life (when the person is still life (when the person is dead) • Talks about a general truth • Talks about an action that is
• Talks about fixed timetables/
often repeated or habitual
alive) E.g. went arrangements • Talks about an action
E.g. has been to
• A finished action with a result • A finished action with no • Gives an instruction, happening about this time
in the present result in the present order, exclamation, or but may not be at the
announcement
moment of conversation
E.g. have lost E.g. lost • Expresses feelings, emotions, • Talks about a future action
• With an unfinished time word • With a finished time word thoughts, opinions, senses, which has been planned
E.g. have sent already E.g. sent last week
and perceptions. Here stative
(non-action) verbs are used.
Present Perfect Simple vs Present
Perfect Continuous; Present Perfect
Simple vs Past Simple (Chapter 3) 8 @ Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. The Present Tense (Chapter 1) 2 @ Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd.
The Future Tense The Past Tense

The Future Simple The Future Continuous The Past Tense
Used to show: Used to show:
• An action in the future • An action that will be going
• A prediction on in future

• A command or an explanation • Predictions of future events Past Simple Past Continuous
• A decision at the moment of
speaking
• A request, promise, or offer
Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous
(had + past participle) (had + been + present participle)

The Future Tense (Chapter 4) 10 @ Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. The Past Tense (Chapter 2) 4 @ Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd.

Positive and Negative Statements The Past Tense

Positive and Negative Statements
Past Perfect (had + Past Perfect Continuous (had
past participle) + been + present participle)
Positive Statement Negative Statement • Shows an action that had • Shows an action that began
been completed before the time of speaking
• Expressing something • Expressing something that • Shows a past action that in the past, and continued up
affirmative or something that cannot be done happened earlier than to that time
can be done • Contractions are used, e.g. another action • To express a repeated action
• When changing positive to isn’t, aren’t, doesn’t, hasn’t, • Used with the words wish or
negative statements, the didn’t, etc. expected to show an action
following words are changed: that was not carried out
• Shows a series of actions
already ˜ yet that happened in the past
some ˜ any
someone ˜ no one

Positive and Negative Statements (Chapter 5) 12 @ Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd. The Past Tense (Chapter 2) 6 @ Pan Asia Publications Sdn. Bhd.

Must know_1202 QB Grammar F4.indd 2 14/01/2022 10:26 AM