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FIGURE 20.9 ODBC as the interface between applications and a
backend database system
NoSQL
As database technology evolves, many organizations are turning away
from the relational model for cases where they require increased speed
or their data does not neatly fit into tabular form. NoSQL databases
are a class of databases that use models other than the relational
model to store data.
These are the three major classes of NoSQL database:
Key/value stores are perhaps the simplest possible form of
database. They store information in key/value pairs, where the key
is essentially an index used to uniquely identify a record, which
consists of a data value. Key/value stores are useful for high-speed
applications and very large datasets.
Graph databases store data in graph format, using nodes to
represent objects and edges to represent relationships. They are
useful for representing any type of network, such as social
networks, geographic locations, and other datasets that lend
themselves to graph representations.
Document stores are similar to key/value stores in that they store
information using keys, but the type of information they store is
