Page 708 - (ISC)² CISSP Certified Information Systems Security Professional Official Study Guide

Implement and Manage Physical Security

Many types of physical access control mechanisms can be deployed in
an environment to control, monitor, and manage access to a facility.
These range from deterrents to detection mechanisms. The various

sections, divisions, or areas within a site or facility should be clearly
designated as public, private, or restricted. Each of these areas
requires unique and focused physical access controls, monitoring, and
prevention mechanisms. The following sections discuss many such
mechanisms that may be used to separate, isolate, and control access

to various areas of a site, including perimeter and internal security.

Perimeter Security Controls

The accessibility to the building or campus location is also important.
Single entrances are great for providing security, but multiple
entrances are better for evacuation during emergencies. What types of

roads are nearby? What means of transportation are easily accessible
(trains, highway, airport, shipping)? What about traffic levels
throughout the day?

Keep in mind that accessibility is also constrained by the need for
perimeter security. The needs of access and use should meld and
support the implementation and operation of perimeter security. The
use of physical access controls and monitoring personnel and

equipment entering and leaving as well as auditing/logging all
physical events are key elements in maintaining overall organizational
security.

Fences, Gates, Turnstiles, and Mantraps

A fence is a perimeter-defining device. Fences are used to clearly
differentiate between areas that are under a specific level of security
protection and those that aren’t. Fencing can include a wide range of

components, materials, and construction methods. It can consist of
stripes painted on the ground, chain link fences, barbed wire, concrete
walls, and even invisible perimeters using laser, motion, or heat
detectors. Various types of fences are effective against different types