Page 42 - Computing Book 7

All About Cloud Class 7

All About Cloud

What is a Computer Network?

A network, in computing, is a group of two or more devices that can
communicate. In practice, a network is comprised of several
different computer systems connected by physical and/or wireless
connections.

The scale can range from a single PC with some basic peripherals to
massive data centres located around the World, to the Internet
itself. Regardless of scope, all networks allow computers and/or
individuals to share information and resources.

Computer networks serve many purposes, some of which include:
• Communications such as file transfer, email, instant messaging, chat rooms, etc.
• Shared hardware such as printers and input devices.
• Shared data and information through the use of shared storage devices.
• Shared software, which is achieved by running applications on remote computers.

Network Topology and Type:

Network Topology is the schematic description of a network arrangement, connecting various nodes
(sender and receiver) through lines of connection.

Star topology: All computers and
devices are connected to a
network switch and this is one of
the common topologies nowadays.
Bus topology: In this arrangement
computers and devices are
connected to a single linear cable
called a trunk.
Ring topology: computers and
devices are connected to a
closed-loop cable.

Types of area networks – LAN, MAN and WAN
The Network allows computers to connect and communicate with different computers via any
medium. LAN, MAN and WAN are the three major types of the network designed to operate over the
area they cover. There are some similarities and dissimilarities between them. One major difference
is the geographical area they cover, i.e. LAN covers the smallest area; MAN covers an area larger
than LAN and WAN comprises the largest of all.
There are other types of Computer Networks:

The City School/Academics/Computing Curriculum/Class7/2020-2021 Page 41 of 95