Page 260 - NAVAL SCIENCE 3 TEXTBOOK

266 GLOSSARY OF NAVAL SKILLS TER}"IS

chaff-an air burst of magnetic or aluminum foil strands or frag- dosimeter-an instrument used to measure personal cumulative
ments, designed to interfere with the passage or orderly reflection exposure to radiation; carried by all personnel working around
of radar beams. nuclear machinery, or participating in decontamination efforts
following a nudear incident.
chemical warfare-the military use of any chemical to harass or
cause casualties among target personneL draft-depth to which the hull of a vessel sinks beneath the water-
line, measured vertically.
chock-a metal fitting on board a ship, through which mooring
lines are passed, dual-purpose weapon system~a weapon system designed to be
ctTective against both air and surface, and in some cases against
chronometer-a precise timepiece used tor recording the exact
subsurface, targets,
times of celestial observations at sea.
echo sounder-a sonic device used to obtain water depths by mea-
cleat-an anvil-shaped deck fitting for securing lines on a boat,
suring the time required for a sound pulse to make a round trip to
ship, or pier.
the sea bottom and back.
closest point of approach (CPA)-the distance and bearing from a
effective gun range-the range at which a gun has a high probabil-
reference ship to a maneuvering ship at the point where they make
ity of hitting a desired target, as opposed to the maximum range,
the closest approach to each other.
which is the maxirnum distance a gun 'will deliver a projectile.
combat systems-any electronic equipment, weapons, or sensors
electromagnetic pulse (EMP)-an electromagnetic pulse of high
related to a ship's offensive or defensive capabilities,
intensity and energy often associated with the detonation of a
conventional weapons-weapons that use other than nuclear
nuclear weapon or device,
energy or biological or chemical agents. They mostly depend on
elevation (of a gun)-the vertical angle that the axis of a gun bore
explosive chemical energy,
makes with the horizontaL
coxswain-a person in charge of a small boat.
fathometer-an alternatiye name for a depth sounder; See also
cruise missile-an air-breathing surface attack guided missile.
echo sounder,
damage control-Ineasures or equipment used to limit damage to
fighter plane-an aircraft intended primarily for engaging in com-
a ship from enemy action, fire, flooding, and smoke,
bat with other aircraft or airborne weapons.
damage control assistant (DCA)-the ollicer on board a ship
fix-a position determined by the intersection of two or more
charged ·with running the damage control organization,
simultaneous lines of position,
daybeacon-an unlighted structural aid to navigation.
fixed-wing aircraft-aircraft that have wings that are the primary
dead reckoning-a method of deducing the position of an air, lifting devices for the aircraft,
land, or water craft by using the courses and speeds traveled since
gig-a ship's boat designated for use by the commanding officer.
the last established position or fix.
gimbals-a mounting device consisting of two rings supported by
degaussing-the neutralization of a ship or electronic equipment's
mutually perpendicular axes so that an object suspended within
magnetic field, usually by means of passing energized electrical
them ·will remain horizontal regardless of the motion of the vessel
wiring around it.
orvehide,
deperming-reduction of the magnetic signature of a ship by
give-way vessel-a vessel that must maneuver to avoid another
energizing coils temporarily placed yertically around it, usually
vessel during an approach situation while under way; See also
during a yard-upkeep period.
stand-on vessel.
depth charge-a USW explosive dropped from ships, as opposed
great circle-any circle fanned by the intersection of a plane pass-
to depth bombs dropped from airplanes.
ing through Earth's center with Earth's surface,
detonate-to explode or cause to explode.
Greenwich Mean Time (GMn-time based on the relationship of
deviation----detlection angle between magnetic north and the the mean Sun to the prime meridian passing through Greenwich,
north axis of a magnetic compass, caused by the presence of England.
metaL
ground tackle-any equipment having to do 'with a ship's anchors,
dirty bomb-a conventional explosive laced with radioactive mate- anchor cable, or handling gear.
rial that disperses upon detonation; a nuclear weapon containing
gun emplacement-a mounting or protected site for the support
components that ·will produce an extraordinary amount of radio-
and operation of a gUll.
active fallout upon detonation.