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282 Cardio Diabetes Medicine 2017

Role of Nerve Conduction

Study in Diabetic Patients

Dr. B. Kannan
MD., DM (Neuro), Consultant Neurologist,
Sundaram Arulrhaj Hospitals, Tuticorin
Senior Assistant Professor, Thoothukudi Medical College Hospital, Tamil Nadu

Dr. Princy John P, DNB Resident Medicine

ABSTRACT have been excluded. A more detailed definition of
- Peripheral Neuropathy is one of the commonest Diabetic neuropathy was previously agreed upon at
complication in Diabetic patients. the San Antonio Consensus Conference:

- Nerve Conduction Study is useful to assess in- “Diabetic neuropathy is a descriptive term meaning
volvement of Neuropathy in Diabetic patients es- a demonstrable disorder, either clinically evident or
pecially Large fibre. subclinical, that occurs in the setting of diabetes mel-
litus without other causes for peripheral neuropathy.
- In Diabetic patients Nerve Conduction studies pre- The neuropathic disorder includes manifestations in
dominantly will show axonal type of Peripheral the somatic and/or autonomic parts of the peripheral
Neuropathy. nervous system”

Introduction Epidemiology
Peripheral Neuropathy is inflammation and degener- - Occurs in Type I and Type II Diabetes Mellitus
ation of the peripheral nerves and the cranial nerves
resulting in impairment of the conductivity of these - Occurs in 42% of Type II Diabetes Mellitus
nerves. Peripheral neuropathy may be classified: - Onset within 10 years of disease

- According to the number and distribution of nerves - Higher risk with higher Glycosylated Hemoglobin
affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multi-
plex or polyneuropathy) What causes Diabetic Neuropathy?
- The type of nerve cell predominantly affected (mo- • Metabolic factors - such as high blood glucose,
tor, sensory, autonomic) or long duration of diabetes, abnormal blood fat lev-
els, and possibly low levels of insulin
- The process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflamma-
tion (neuritis), compression(compressionneuropa- • Neurovascular factors, leading to damage to the
thy chemotherapy(chemotherapy-induced periph- blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to
eral neuropathy). nerves
Etiology can be Genetic diseases, Metabolic, e n - • Autoimmune factors that cause inflammation in
docrine diseases, Toxic causes, Inflammatory nerves
diseases,Vitamin deficiency ,Physical trauma,Che- • Mechanical injury to nerves
motherapy or Other causes including, electric shock,
HIV, malignant disease, radiation, shingles (Herpes • Lifestyle factors, such as smoking or alcohol use .
zoster a viral infection).
Classification of Diabetic Neuropathy
People with diabetes have a high risk of neuropathy.
Diabetic Neuropathy can be defined as the presence • Generalized Symmetrical Polyneuropathies
of symptoms and/or signs of peripheral nerve dys- • Distal sensory or sensorimotor polyneuropathy
function in people with diabetes after other causes

GCDC 2017