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https://www.verywell.com/the-id-ego-and-superego-2795951

Carducci, B. The psychology of personality: Viewpoints, research, and applications. John Wiley
& Sons; 2009.

Engler, B. Personality theories. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing; 2009.

Personality Traits

Broadly there are five parameters which describe an individual’s personality. These five
dimensions are also called as “Big Five” Factors, and the model is referred to as Five Factor
Model also abbreviated as FFM.

The Five Factor Model was initially proposed by Costa & McCrae in the year 1992 and often
describes the relation between an individual’s personality and various behaviors.

Source: https://www.managementstudyguide.com/personality-traits.htm

Influencing Wellbeing: Materialism and Self-Esteem

Proponents of simple living and minimalism believe that placing less value on material
possessions leads to increased happiness and wellbeing. Indeed, a number of studies have shown
that people who value money and possessions over other aims in life report less happiness and

more depression. Studies exploring ways to discourage materialistic values are also limited.

Professor Tim Kasser and colleagues have published a paper in the journal Motivationand
Emotion that uses four studies to demonstrate that wellbeing declines as people become more
materialistic. As well as demonstrating that changes in materialism can predict changes in
wellbeing, the paper also introduced an intervention to discourage materialism in adolescents.

References

1. Kasser T, Rosenblum KL, Sameroff AJ, et al. Changes in materialism, changes in
psychological well-being: Evidence from three longitudinal studies and an intervention
experiment. Motivation and Emotion. 2014; 38:1-22.

2. Chaplin LN & John DR. Growing up in Material World: Age differences in materialism in
children and adolescents. Journal of Consumer Research. 2007; 34(4):480-493.