Page 278 - Critical Care Nursing Demystified

Chapter 5 CARE OF THE PATIENT WITH NEUROLOGICAL NEEDS 263

CORRECT ANSWERS AND RATIONALES

1. D. The victim was struck by a moving object while her brain was in a stationary posi-
tion, which defines an acceleration injury.
2. A, B, D. If the patient is hit from the rear, the force of the collision will propel the brain
forward first and then backward. This injury would result in cerebellar, frontal, and oc-
cipital lobe damage.
3. D. An excessive buildup of CSF can create obstructive difficulties leading to hydro-
cephalus.
4. B. Anisocoria means unequal pupil size, hemaniopsia is defined as blindness in one-
half of the patient’s visual field, and diplopia means double vision.
5. A. All other levels are high and considered to be life threatening to the patient with
neurologic deficits.
6. D. The response A. identifies an abnormal Babinski’s sign. B. signifies the patellar reflex,
while C. identifies a positive Brudzinski’s sign.
7. B. These are the classic characteristic signs of a Cushing’s triad syndrome.
8. A. In order to avoid a post–spinal tap headache, it is recommended that a patient re-
main flat and on bedrest for several hours to re-equalize the volume and pressure of
cerebrospinal fluid.
9. D. Any substances containing ferrous metal including ventilators will limit the safe
use of an MRI due to the hazardous and magnetic pulling potential of the MRI against Downloaded by [ Faculty of Nursing, Chiangmai University 5.62.158.117] at [07/18/16]. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. Not to be redistributed or modified in any way without permission.
metal.
10. C. All of those elements compose the total intracranial volume.