Page 324 - Critical Care Nursing Demystified

Chapter 6 CARE OF THE TRAUMATIZED PATIENT 309

4. C. BAER means brainstem auditory evoked potential. A sound stimulus is used to deter-
mine levels of hearing. A: VEP uses light sources to detect vision. B: SSEP (somatosen-
sory evoked potential) assesses neurological responses below the level of a spinal cord
injury by electrically stimulating the arm or leg. D: CEP means cortical evoked potential,
which is the name for the entire diagnostic sensory process.
5. A: LeFort I are horizontal fractures in which the entire maxillary arch moves separately
from the upper facial skeleton. B: Le Fort II involves an extension of Le Fort I, which in-
cludes the orbit, ethmoid, and nasal bones. C describes a serious craniofacial disruption
with CSF leaks. D: There is no Le Fort IV category.
6. D. the classic clinical symptoms of neurogenic shock. A describes the symptoms of
autonomic dysreflexia. B: Flaccid paralysis often describes the beginning of spinal
shock. C: Spastic paralysis often describes the end of spinal shock.
7. C. With a perforating injury, items will enter and exit the body. A is an example of blunt
force trauma. B: A penetrating injury where the item enters but does not exit the body.
D: A whiplash injury is an example of a hyperextension injury.
8. A. A full-thickness burn is characterized by loss of pain receptors leading to no pain,
loss of hair follicles, and thrombosed vessels.
9. C. The danger of passing the tube into the cranium is the most acute dilemma, which
can lead to secondary dangers of edema, bleeding, CSF leaks, and eventual acute infec-
tion, all of which are life threatening and are to be avoided.
10. A. Anterior cord syndrome is most often caused by an acute herniated disk or damage Downloaded by [ Faculty of Nursing, Chiangmai University 5.62.158.117] at [07/18/16]. Copyright © McGraw-Hill Global Education Holdings, LLC. Not to be redistributed or modified in any way without permission.
from a flexion injury. B: A central cord syndrome is a combined hyperextension/flexion
cervical injury. C: Brown-Séquard syndrome is where damage is located on one side
of the spinal cord (incomplete). D: A posterior cord syndrome is a rare hyperextension
injury found at the cervical site.