Page 186 - Color_Atlas_of_Physiology_5th_Ed._-_A._Despopoulos_2003

A. Site of action of diuretics
Thiazide
diuretics
Carbonic anhydrase
inhibitors
(e.g., acetazolamide)
+
–
Na -Cl symport
Aldosterone
+ – antagonists
Na and HCO 3 (e.g., spironolactone)
reabsorption
Na channel
+
(indirect effect) Diuresis and Diuretics
Loop diuretics
(e.g., furosemide)
Amiloride
–
+
+
Na -2Cl -K symport Na channel
+
(direct effect)
Plate 7.13
NaCl reabsorption H 2 O reabsorption ECF volume
B. Disturbances of salt and water homeostasis

Vomiting, diarrhea, diuretics, blood loss, burns Perspiration, hyper- ventilation, osmotic diuresis, ADH deficit (diabetes insipidus) Vomiting, diarrhea, perspiration, aldosterone deficit Heart failure, kidney disease Excessive fluid intake or ADH secretion, g

Normal 1 2 3 4 5 6
Iso-
s
I Iso- - Water Salt osmotic Water Salt
o
o osmotic deficit deficit volume excess excess
smo
tic
v
volume excess
olume
de fic it
deficit
ECR H 2 O H 2 O
ICR H 2 O H 2 O
173
Salt
Despopoulos, Color Atlas of Physiology © 2003 Thieme
All rights reserved. Usage subject to terms and conditions of license.