Page 241 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation 207

5. CPAP is the treatment of choice for _______ sleep apnea without significant _______.
A. central, hypoxemia
B. central, carbon dioxide retention
C. obstructive, hypoxemia
D. obstructive, carbon dioxide retention

6. All of the following clinical conditions are contraindications for CPAP except:

A. acute respiratory acidosis.
B. impending ventilatory failure.
C. obesity.
D. neuromuscular disease.

7. Sleep apnea is defined as a temporary cessation of breathing that lasts at least _______ during sleep.
A. 5 sec C. 30 sec
B. 10 sec D. 60 sec

8. During NPPV, mechanical breaths are provided by the _______ setting, whereas the end-expiratory
pressure is determined by the _______ setting.

A. IPAP, EPAP C. PEEP, IPAP
B. EPAP, IPAP D. PEEP, EPAP

9. The interfaces for NPPV include all of the following devices except:
A. nasal mask. C. nasal pillows.
B. endotracheal tube. D. oronasal mask.

10. Which of the following interfaces is least likely to develop air leaks and pressure sores?
A. nasal mask C. nasal pillows
B. oronasal mask D. full-face mask

11. The oronasal mask is a NPPV interface that has all of the following inherited risks except:
A. aspiration. C. regurgitation.
B. asphyxiation. D. hyperventilation.

12. The initial CPAP level is started at _______ cm H O and titrated to a desired endpoint.
2
A. 2 C. 6
B. 4 D. 8

13. The typical starting point for bilevel positive airway pressure is started at _______ cm H O (inspiratory)
2
and _______ cm H O (expiratory) and subsequently titrated to a desired level.
2
A. 2, 6 C. 6, 2
B. 4, 8 D. 8, 4

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