Page 9 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation
P. 9
Contents
Preface xxvi
Acknowledgments xxx
Chapter 1: prinCiples of MeChaniCal Ventilation
Introduction 2
Airway Resistance 3
Factors Affecting Airway Resistance 3
Airway Resistance and the Work of Breathing (∆P) 4
Effects on Ventilation and Oxygenation 5
Airflow Resistance 5
Lung Compliance 6
Compliance Measurement 6
Static and Dynamic Compliance 7
Compliance and the Work of Breathing 10
Effects on Ventilation and Oxygenation 10
Deadspace Ventilation 10
Anatomic Deadspace 11
Alveolar Deadspace 11
Physiologic Deadspace 11
Ventilatory Failure 12
Hypoventilation 12
Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) Mismatch 13
Intrapulmonary Shunting 14
Diffusion Defect 15
Oxygenation Failure 16
Hypoxemia and Hypoxia 17
Clinical Conditions Leading to Mechancial Ventilation 18
Depressed Respiratory Drive 18
Excessive Ventilatory Workload 18
Failure of Ventilatory Pump 19
VII
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