Page 486 - Encyclopedia of Nursing Research

ROy ADAPTATION MODEl n 453

modes. Additional studies identified specific model in young women contemplating smok-
concepts from the model, such as interdepen- ing cessation. The Roy adaptation model
dence mode or physical self, and used them has also been applied in practice when car- R
as the basis for the research. A number of ing for menopausal women (Cunningham,
studies identified specific links, conceptually 2002). Rogers and Keller (2009) applied the
and operationally, between the Roy adap- Roy adaptation model to promote physical
tation model and the research variables. In exercise among sedentary older adults. The
these studies, specific concepts were linked intervention used was mind-body-spiritual
to various aspects of the model, including physical exercise impacting the physiological,
focal, contextual, and residual stimuli control psychological, and self-concept modes of the
processes and adaptive modes. yeh (2003) model with the main focus on adaptation to
used this approach in research examining aging. Isbir and Mete (2010) applied the Roy
the relationships among social support, par- model to the care of women with nausea and
enting stress, coping style, and psychological vomiting in pregnancy. Nayback (2009) iden-
distress in parents caring for children with tified the Roy adaptation model as a suitable
cancer. zhan (2000) examined the relation- framework to help understand posttraumatic
ship between cognitive adaptation processes stress disorder in combat veterans.
and self-consistency in hearing-impaired Among those who have built a program
elderly. Chen, Chang, Chyun, and McCorkle of research using the Roy adaptation model
(2005) evaluated the dynamics of nutritional are Fawcett, Pollock, and Tulman. Fawcett
health in community elders using the Roy and Tulman (1990) conducted methodologi-
adaptation model. In one study, a second- cal instrument development and substantive
ary analysis of the meaning of living with a research related to childbearing families.
spinal cord injury was conducted using the Retrospective and longitudinal studies exam-
Roy adaptation model as a guiding frame- ined factors associated with functional status
work (De Santo-Madeya, 2006). Several stud- during the postpartum period, and one study
ies identified nursing interventions as the (Fawcett, 1990), tested an intervention derived
management or manipulation of stimuli, from the Roy adaptation model. Fawcett et al.
and some specifically tested propositions (2005) have expanded the initial research
derived from the model (e.g., Jirovec, Jenkins, (Fawcett, 1990) to a large international mul-
Isenberg, & Baiardi, 1999). tisite research program focused on adap-
Among the studies, there were dif- tation to cesarean birth. Pollock (1993) and
ferences in methodologies, designs, data colleagues conducted a series of five longitu-
collection procedures, and data analysis tech- dinal studies to examine human responses
niques. Barone, Roy, Keville and Frederickson to chronic illness by identifying predictors of
(2008) identified and critiqued the instru- adaptation to chronic illness and determin-
ments most frequently used to measure the ing whether adaptive responses differed by
concepts of the Roy adaptation model. Shyu diagnostic group. A number of middle range
(2000) illustrated the role function mode in theories have been developed from the Roy
Roy’s Adaptation Model using constant com- model. These include middle range theory of
parison to analyze the data. yeh (2001) used chronic pain (Dunn, 2005) and one on adap-
a qualitative approach to establish a frame- tation to diabetes (Whittmore & Roy, 2002).
work for the adaptation process of Taiwanese These studies demonstrate the usefulness
children with cancer. The studies reviewed of the Roy adaptation model as a guide for
revealed that the Roy adaptation model was nursing research and support the credibility
appropriate for guiding research in a variety of the model. In 2009, De Santo-Madeya and
of settings and populations. Villareal (2003) Fawcett (2006) observed that Roy’s concept of
demonstrated the use of the Roy adaptation adaptation was seldom used research guided