Page 599 - ACCCN's Critical Care Nursing
P. 599
576 P R I N C I P L E S A N D P R A C T I C E O F C R I T I C A L C A R E
44. Gando S. Microvascular thrombosis and multiple organ dysfunction syn- 70. Minne L, Abu-Hanna A, de Jonge E. Evaluation of SOFA-based models for
drome. Crit Care Med 2010; 38(2Suppl): S35–42. predicting mortality in the ICU: a systematic review. Critical Care 2008;
45. Department of Health and Aging. Schedule of pharmaceutical benefits [data- 12(6): R161.
base on the Internet]. Canberra: Department of Health and Aging. Available 71. Jones A, Trzeciak S, Kline J. The sequential organ failure assessment score
from: http://www.health.gov.au/pbschedule. for predicting outcome in patients with severe sepsis and evidence of hypo-
46. Ely EW, Kleinpell RM, Goyette RE. Advances in the understanding of clinical perfusion at the time of emergency department presentation. Crit Care Med
manifestations and therapy of severe sepsis: an update for critical care nurses. 2009; 35(5): 1649–54.
Am J Crit Care 2003; 12(2): 120–33. 72. Khwannimit B. A comparison of three organ dysfunction scores: MODS,
47. Kinney M, Dunbar S, Brooks-Brunn J, Molter N, Vitello-Cicciu JM. AACN’s SOFA and LOD for predicting ICU mortality in critically ill patients. J Med
clinical reference for critical care nursing. St Louis: Mosby; 1998. Assoc Thai 2007; 90(6): 1074–81.
48. Bauer M, editor. Multiple Organ Failure – update on pathophysiology and 73. Rice T, Wheeler A, Bernard G, Hayden D, Schoenfeld D et al. Comparison
treatment strategies. Euroanesthesia conference proceedings; Vienna, Austria of the SpO 2 /FiO 2 ratio and the PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio in patients with Acute Lung
May 28–31: European Society of Anaesthesiology; 2005. Injury or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Chest. 2007: Available from:
49. Martí-Carvajal A, Salanti G, Cardona-Zorrilla A. Human recombinant acti- http://chestjournal.chestpubs.org/content/early/2007/06/15/chest.07-
vated protein C for severe sepsis. Cochrane Reviews. 2007. Available from: 0617.full.pdf+html.
http://www2.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab004388.html. 74. Honore P, Joannes-Boyau O, Boer W, Collins V. Regional occult hypoperfu-
50. Maldonado L, Murata G, Hershman J, Braunstein G. Do Thyroid Function sion detected by lactate and sequential organ failure assessment subscores:
tests independently predict survival in the critically ill? Thyroid 1992; 2(2): old tools for new tricks? Crit Care Med 2009; 37(8): 2477–8.
119–23. 75. Jansen T, van Bommel J, Woodward R, Mulder P, Bakker J. Association
51. Annane D, Bellissant E, Bollaert P, Briegel J, Keh D, Kupfer Y. Corticosteroids between blood lactate levels, sequential organ failure assessment subscores,
for treating severe sepsis and septic shock (review). Cochrane Reviews. 2004. and 28-day mortality during early and late intensive care unit stay: a retro-
Available from: http://www2.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab002243.html. spective observational study. Crit Care Med 2009; 37(8): 2369–74.
52. Annane D, Sebille V, Charpentier C, Bollaert PE, Francois B et al. Effect of 76. Dellinger R, Levy M, Carlet J, Bion J, Parker M et al. Surviving sepsis cam-
treatment with low doses of hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone on mortal- paign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic
ity in patients with septic shock. JAMA 2002; 288(7): 862–71. shock: 2008. Crit Care Med 2008; 36(1): 296–327.
53. Zaloga G, Marik P. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal insufficiency. Crit Care 77. Madách K, Aladzsity I, Szilágyi Á, Fust G, Gál J et al. 4G/5G polymorphism
Clinics 2001; 17(1): 25–41. of PAI-1 gene is associated with multiple organ dysfunction and septic shock
54. Investigators TCS. Corticosteriod treatment and intensive insulin therapy for in pneumonia induced severe sepsis: prospective, observational, genetic
septic shock in adults: a randomised controlled trial. JAMA 2010; 303(17): study. Crit Care 2010; 14(2): R79.
1694–8. 78. Peake S, Bailey M, Bellomo R, Cameron P, Cross A et al. Australasian resus-
55. Finfer S. Corticosteriods in septic shock. New Eng J Med 2008; 358(2): citation of sepsis evaluation (ARISE): a multi-centre, prospective, inception
188–90. cohort study Resuscitation 2009; 80: 811–18.
56. Sprung C, Annane D, Keh D, Moreno R, Singer M et al. Hydrocortisone 79. Levy M, Dellinger R, Townsend S, Linde-Zwirble W, Marshall J et al. The
therapy for patients with septic shock. New Eng J Med 2008; 358(2): surviving sepsis campaign: results of an international guideline-based per-
111–24. formance improvement program targeting severe sepsis. Crit Care Med 2010;
57. Mason P, Al-Khafaji A, Milbrandt E, Suffoletto B, Huang D. CORTICUS: 38(2): 367–74.
the end of unconditional love for steroid use? Critical Care 2009; 13(4): 80. Finfer S. The surviving sepsis campaign: robust evaluation and high-quality
309. primary research is still needed. Crit Care Med 2010; 38(2): 683–4.
58. Ho H, Chapital AD, Yu M. Hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency in 81. Becker J et al. Surviving sepsis in low-income and middle-income countries:
sepsis and hemorrhagic shock. Archives of Surgery 2004; 139(11): new directions for care and research. Lancet Infect Dis 2009; 9(9):
1199–203. 577–82.
59. Vanhorebeek I, De Vos R, Mesotten D, Wouters P, De Wolf-Peeters C, Van 82. Rivers E. Management of sepsis: early resuscitation. Clin Chest Med 2008; 29:
den Berghe G. Protection of hepatocyte mitochondrial ultrastructure and 689–704.
function by strict blood glucose control with insulin in critically ill patients. 83. US National Institutes of Health website: ClinicalTrials.gov. [Cited October
Lancet 2005; 365(9453): 53–9. 2010]. Available from: http://clinicaltrials.gov/.
60. Finfer S, Chittock D, Yu-Shhuo S, Blair D, Foster D et al. Intensive versus 84. Kumar A, Ellis P, Arabi Y, Roberts D, Light B et al. Initiation of inappropriate
conventional glucose control in critically ill patients. New Eng J Med 2009; antimicrobial therapy results in a fivefold reduction of survival in human
360(13): 1283–97. septic shock. Chest 2009; 136(5): 1237–48.
61. Hermans G, De Jonghe B, Bruyninckx F, Van den Berghe G. Clinical Review: 85. Bagshaw S, Lapinsky S, Dial S, Arabi Y, Dodek P et al. Acute kidney injury
critical illness polyneuropathy and myopathy. Critical Care 2008; 12(6): in septic shock: clinical outcomes and impact of duration of hypotension
238–47. prior to initiation of antimicrobial therapy. Intens Care Med 2009; 35:
62. Kemp CM, Johnson C, Riordan W, Cotton B. How we die: the impact of non 871–81.
neurologic organ dysfunction after severe traumatic brain injury. American 86. Gaieski D, Mikkelsen M, Band R, Pines J, Massone R et al. Impact of time
Surgeon 2008; 74(9): 866–72. to antibiotics on survival in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock in
63. Stevens R, Dowdy D, Michaels R, Mendez-Tellez P, Pronovost P, Needham whom early goal-directed therapy was initiated in the emergency depart-
D. Neuromuscular dysfunction acquired in critical illness: a systematic ment. Crit Care Med 2010; 38(4): 1045–53.
review. Intens Care Med 2007; 33(11): 1876. 87. Kumar A, Safdar N, Kethireddy S, Chateau D. A survival benefit of combina-
64. Streck E, Commin C, Barichello T, Quevedo J. The septic brain. Neurochem tion antibiotic therapy for serious infections associated with sepsis and septic
Res 2008; 33: 2171–7. shock is contingent only on the risk of death: a meta-analytic/meta-
65. Dewar D, Mackay P, Balogh Z. Epidemiology of post-injury multiple organ regression study. Crit Care Med 2010; 38(8): 1651–64.
failure in an Australian trauma system. ANZ J Surg 2009; 79: 431–6. 88. Pines J. Timing of antibiotics for acute, severe infections. Emerg Med Clin N
66. Ciesla D, Moore E, Johnson J, Burch J, Cothren C, Sauaia A. A 12-year Am 2008; 26: 245–57.
prospective study of postinjury multiple organ failure: has anything changed? 89. Sharma S, Kumar A. Antimicrobial management of sepsis and septic shock.
Arch Surgery 2005; 140: 432–40. Clin Chest Med. 2008; 29: 677–87.
67. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. 90. Cotton B, Au B, Nunez T, Gunter O, Robertson A, Young P. Predefined
Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, massive transfusion protocols are associated with a reduction in organ
outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001; 29(7): failure and postinjury complications. Trauma 2008; 66(1): 41–7.
1303–10. 91. Vincent J. Metabolic support in sepsis and multiple organ failure: more
68. Peres Bota D, Melot C, Lopes Ferreira F, Nguyen BV, Vincent J-L. The multiple questions than answers. Crit Care Med 2007; 35(9Suppl): S436–40.
organ dysfunction score (MODS) versus the sequential organ failure assess- 92. Moore F, Moore E. The evolving rationale for early enteral nutrition based
ment (SOFA) score in outcome prediction. Intens Care Med 2002; 28(11): on paradigms of multiple organ failure: a personal journey. Nutrition Clin
1619–24. Prac 2009; 24(3): 297–304.
69. Anami E, Grion C, Cardoso L, Kauss I, Thomazini M et al. Serial evaluation 93. Schmidt H, Hennen R, Keller A, Russ M, Müller-Werdan U et al. Association
of SOFA score in a Brazilian teaching hospital. Intens Crit Care Nurs 2010; of statin therapy and increased survival in patients with multiple organ
26: 75–82. dysfunction syndrome. Intens Care Med 2006; 32: 1248–51.

