Page 1987 - Williams Hematology ( PDFDrive )
P. 1987
1962 Part XII: Hemostasis and Thrombosis Chapter 114: Control of Coagulation Reactions 1963
62. Schwarz HP, Heeb MJ, Wencel-Drake JD, Griffin JH: Identification and quantitation of 94. Mosnier LO, Bouma BN: Regulation of fibrinolysis by thrombin activatable fibrinolysis
protein S in human platelets. Blood 66(6):1452–1455, 1985. inhibitor, an unstable carboxypeptidase B that unites the pathways of coagulation and
63. Lundwall A, Dackowski W, Cohen E, et al: Isolation and sequence of the cDNA for fibrinolysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 26(11):2445–2453, 2006.
human protein S, a regulator of blood coagulation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 83(18): 95. Foley JH, Kim PY, Mutch NJ, Gils A: Insights into thrombin activatable fibrinolysis
6716–6720, 1986. inhibitor function and regulation. J Thromb Haemost 11 Suppl 1:306–315, 2013.
64. Hoskins J, Norman DK, Beckmann RJ, Long GL: Cloning and characterization of 96. Myles T, Nishimura T, Yun TH, et al: Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, a
human liver cDNA encoding a protein S precursor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84(2): potential regulator of vascular inflammation. J Biol Chem 278(51):51059–51067, 2003.
349–353, 1987. 97. Bouwens EA, Stavenuiter F, Mosnier LO: Mechanisms of anticoagulant and cytoprotec-
65. Fernández JA, Heeb MJ, Griffin JH: Identification of residues 413–433 of plasma tive actions of the protein C pathway. J Thromb Haemost 11(Suppl 1):242–253, 2013.
protein S as essential for binding to C4b-binding protein. J Biol Chem 268(22): 98. Fukudome K, Esmon CT: Molecular cloning and expression of murine and bovine
16788–16794, 1993. endothelial cell protein C/activated protein C receptor (EPCR). The structural and
66. Heeb MJ, Kojima Y, Rosing J, et al: C-terminal residues 621–635 of protein S are essen- functional conservation in human, bovine, and murine EPCR. J Biol Chem 270(10):
tial for binding to factor Va. J Biol Chem 274(51):36187–36192, 1999. 5571–5577, 1995.
67. Nyberg P, Dahlback B, Garcia de FP: The SHBG-like region of protein S is crucial for 99. Regan LM, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ, Kurosawa S, et al: The endothelial cell protein C
factor V-dependent APC-cofactor function. FEBS Lett 433(1–2):28–32, 1998. receptor. Inhibition of activated protein C anticoagulant function without modulation
68. van der Meer JH, van der Poll T, van ‘t Veer C: TAM receptors, Gas6 and protein S: of reaction with proteinase inhibitors. J Biol Chem 271(29):17499–17503, 1996.
Roles in inflammation and hemostasis. Blood 123(16):2460–2469, 2014. 100. Fukudome K, Kurosawa S, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ, et al: The endothelial cell protein C
69. Ploos van Amstel JK, van der Zanden AL, Bakker E, et al: Two genes homologous with receptor. Cell surface expression and direct ligand binding by the soluble receptor. J Biol
human protein S cDNA are located on chromosome 3. Thromb Haemost 58(4):982–987, Chem 271(29):17491–17498, 1996.
1987. 101. Stearns-Kurosawa DJ, Kurosawa S, Mollica JS, et al: The endothelial cell protein C
70. Schmidel DK, Tatro AV, Phelps LG, et al: Organization of the human protein S genes. receptor augments protein C activation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex.
Biochemistry 29(34):7845–7852, 1990. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93(19):10212–10216, 1996.
71. Garcia de Frutos P, Fuentes-Prior P, Hurtado B, Sala N: Molecular basis of protein S 102. Xu J, Esmon NL, Esmon CT: Reconstitution of the human endothelial cell protein C
deficiency. Thromb Haemost 98(3):543–556, 2007. receptor with thrombomodulin in phosphatidylcholine vesicles enhances protein C
72. Kimura R, Honda S, Kawasaki T, et al: Protein S-K196E mutation as a genetic risk factor activation. J Biol Chem 274(10):6704–6710, 1999.
for deep vein thrombosis in Japanese patients. Blood 107(4):1737–1738, 2006. 103. Fukudome K, Ye X, Tsuneyoshi N, et al: Activation mechanism of anticoagulant protein
73. Pecheniuk NM, Elias DJ, Xu X, Griffin JH: Failure to validate association of gene poly- C in large blood vessels involving the endothelial cell protein C receptor. J Exp Med
morphisms in EPCR, PAR-1, FSAP and protein S Tokushima with venous thrombo- 187(7):1029–1035, 1998.
embolism among Californians of European ancestry. Thromb Haemost 99(2):453–455, 104. Liang Z, Rosen ED, Castellino FJ: Nucleotide structure and characterization of
2008. the murine gene encoding the endothelial cell protein C receptor. Thromb Haemost
74. Bertina RM, Ploos van Amstel HK, van Wijngaarden A, et al: Heerlen polymorphism 81(4):585–588, 1999.
of protein S, an immunologic polymorphism due to dimorphism of residue 460. Blood 105. Ye X, Fukudome K, Tsuneyoshi N, et al: The endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR)
76(3):538–548, 1990. functions as a primary receptor for protein C activation on endothelial cells in arteries,
75. Esmon CT, Owen WG: Identification of an endothelial cell cofactor for thrombin cata- veins, and capillaries. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 259(3):671–677, 1999.
lyzed activation of protein C. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 78(4):2249–2252, 1981. 106. Simmonds RE, Lane DA: Structural and functional implications of the intron/exon
76. Esmon CT, Owen WG: The discovery of thrombomodulin. J Thromb Haemost 2(2): organization of the human endothelial cell protein C/activated protein C receptor
209–213, 2004. (EPCR) gene: Comparison with the structure of CD1/major histocompatibility com-
77. Morser J: Thrombomodulin links coagulation to inflammation and immunity. Curr plex alpha1 and alpha2 domains. Blood 94(2):632–641, 1999.
Drug Targets 13(3):421–431, 2012. 107. Oganesyan V, Oganesyan N, Terzyan S, et al: The crystal structure of the endothelial
78. Conway EM: Thrombomodulin and its role in inflammation. Semin Immunopathol protein C receptor and a bound phospholipid. J Biol Chem 277(28):24851–24854,
34(1):107–125, 2012. 2002.
79. Esmon CT, Esmon NL, Harris KW: Complex formation between thrombin and throm- 108. Villoutreix BO, Blom AM, Dahlbäck B: Structural prediction and analysis of endothe-
bomodulin inhibits both thrombin-catalyzed fibrin formation and factor V activation. lial cell protein C/activated protein C receptor. Protein Eng 12(10):833–840, 1999.
J Biol Chem 257(14):7944–7947, 1982. 109. Rezaie AR: Protease-activated receptor signalling by coagulation proteases in endothe-
80. Esmon NL, Carroll RC, Esmon CT: Thrombomodulin blocks the ability of thrombin to lial cells. Thromb Haemost 112(5): 876–882, 2014.
activate platelets. J Biol Chem 258(20):12238–12242, 1983. 110. McKelvey K, Jackson CJ, Xue M: Activated protein C: A regulator of human skin epi-
81. Esmon CT: The roles of protein C and thrombomodulin in the regulation of blood dermal keratinocyte function. World J Biol Chem 5(2):169–179, 2014.
coagulation. J Biol Chem 264(9):4743–4746, 1989. 111. Danese S, Vetrano S, Zhang L, et al: The protein C pathway in tissue inflammation and
82. Jackman RW, Beeler DL, Fritze L, et al: Human thrombomodulin gene is intron injury: Pathogenic role and therapeutic implications. Blood 115(6):1121–1130, 2010.
depleted: Nucleic acid sequences of the cDNA and gene predict protein structure 112. Qu D, Wang Y, Esmon NL, Esmon CT: Regulated endothelial protein C receptor
and suggest sites of regulatory control. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84(18):6425–6429, shedding is mediated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha converting enzyme/ADAM17.
1987. J Thromb Haemost 5(2):395–402, 2007.
83. Sadler JE, Lentz SR, Sheehan JP, et al: Structure-function relationships of the 113. Qu D, Wang Y, Song Y, et al: The Ser219—>Gly dimorphism of the endothelial protein
thrombin-thrombomodulin interaction. Haemostasis 23 Suppl 1:183–193, 1993. C receptor contributes to the higher soluble protein levels observed in individuals with
84. Saito H, Maruyama I, Shimazaki S, et al: Efficacy and safety of recombinant human sol- the A3 haplotype. J Thromb Haemost 4(1):229–235, 2006.
uble thrombomodulin (ART-123) in disseminated intravascular coagulation: Results 114. Kurosawa S, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ, Carson CW, et al: Plasma levels of endothelial cell
of a phase III, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. J Thromb Haemost 5(1):31–41, protein C receptor are elevated in patients with sepsis and systemic lupus erythemato-
2007. sus: Lack of correlation with thrombomodulin suggests involvement of different patho-
85. Healy AM, Rayburn HB, Rosenberg RD, Weiler H: Absence of the blood-clotting reg- logical processes. Blood 91(2):725–727, 1998.
ulator thrombomodulin causes embryonic lethality in mice before development of a 115. Kurosawa S, Stearns-Kurosawa DJ, Hidari N, Esmon CT: Identification of functional
functional cardiovascular system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 92(3):850–854, 1995. endothelial protein C receptor in human plasma. J Clin Invest 100(2):411–418, 1997.
86. Esmon CT: Inflammation and the activated protein C anticoagulant pathway. Semin 116. Lopez-Sagaseta J, Puy C, Tamayo I, et al: SPLA2-V inhibits EPCR anticoagulant and
Thromb Hemost 32(Suppl 1):49–60, 2006. antiapoptotic properties by accommodating lysophosphatidylcholine or PAF in the
87. Schouten M, Wiersinga WJ, Levi M, van der Poll T: Inflammation, endothelium, and hydrophobic groove. Blood 119(12):2914–2921, 2012.
coagulation in sepsis. J Leukoc Biol 83(3):536–545, 2008. 117. Tamayo I, Velasco SE, Puy C, et al: SPLA2-V impairs EPCR-dependent protein C acti-
88. Delvaeye M, Noris M, de Vriese A, et al: Thrombomodulin mutations in atypical hemo- vation and accelerates thrombosis in vivo. J Thromb Haemost 12(11):1921–1927, 2014.
lytic-uremic syndrome. N Engl J Med 361(4):345–357, 2009. 118. Gu JM, Crawley JT, Ferrell G, et al: Disruption of the endothelial cell protein C receptor
89. Norlund L, Holm J, Zoller B, Ohlin AK: A common thrombomodulin amino acid gene in mice causes placental thrombosis and early embryonic lethality. J Biol Chem
dimorphism is associated with myocardial infarction. Thromb Haemost 77(2):248–251, 277(45):43335–43343, 2002.
1997. 119. Lau CK, Turner L, Jespersen JS, et al: Structural conservation despite huge sequence
90. Ireland H, Kunz G, Kyriakoulis K, et al: Thrombomodulin gene mutations associated diversity allows EPCR binding by the pfemp1 family implicated in severe childhood
with myocardial infarction. Circulation 96(1):15–18, 1997. malaria. Cell Host Microbe 17(1):118–129, 2015.
91. Doggen CJ, Kunz G, Rosendaal FR, et al: A mutation in the thrombomodulin gene, 120. Turner L, Lavstsen T, Berger SS, et al: Severe malaria is associated with parasite binding
127G to A coding for Ala25Thr, and the risk of myocardial infarction in men. Thromb to endothelial protein C receptor. Nature 498(7455):502–505, 2013.
Haemost 80(5):743–748, 1998. 121. Moxon CA, Wassmer SC, Milner DA Jr, et al: Loss of endothelial protein C receptors
92. Wu KK: Soluble thrombomodulin and coronary heart disease. Curr Opin Lipidol links coagulation and inflammation to parasite sequestration in cerebral malaria in
14(4):373–375, 2003. African children. Blood 122(5):842–851, 2013.
93. van de Wouwer M, Plaisance S, de Vriese A, et al: The lectin-like domain of thrombo- 122. Aird WC, Mosnier LO, Fairhurst RM: Plasmodium falciparum picks (on) EPCR. Blood
modulin interferes with complement activation and protects against arthritis. J Thromb 123(2):163–167, 2014.
Haemost 4(8):1813–1824, 2006. 123. Hayashi T, Nakamura H, Okada A, et al: Organization and chromosomal localization of
the human endothelial protein C receptor gene. Gene 238(2):367–373, 1999.
Kaushansky_chapter 114_p1949-1966.indd 1962 9/18/15 10:06 AM

