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insulin-like growth factor in, 487 Escherichia coli-derived asparaginase, clinical features, 1286, 1308–1310,
molecular mechanisms in, 484, 485f 332–333, 1515 2079–2080
stochastic model of erythroid Escherichia coli infections. See also Bacterial complications, 1315t
differentiation, 483–484 infections course and prognosis, 1278t, 1315
total, 490 in chronic granulomatous disease, 1030 definition and history, 1307
Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) disseminated intravascular coagulation diagnostic criteria, 1311t
for alloimmune hemolytic disease of the and, 2207 differential diagnosis, 1310–1313, 1311f
fetus and newborn, 858 hemolytic anemia and, 819 blastic phase disease, 1313
for anemia in HIV infection, 1252 hemolytic uremic syndrome and, 2258–2259 chronic myelogenous leukemia,
for anemia of chronic kidney disease, 554t, in immunocompromised host, 383 1311–1312, 1449–1450
555 neutropenia and, 985 familial thrombocytosis, 1310, 1312t
for anemia of inflammation, 554, 554t neutrophil abnormalities and, 986 myelodysplasia, 1312
for anemia of primary myelofibrosis, 1328 in newborn, 106 myelofibrosis and accelerated phase
cardiovascular mortality and, 2036–2037 red cell antigens and resistance to, 2340 disease, 1312–1313
for hypersplenism, 867 ESCs (embryonic stem cells), 448–449, 450 polycythemia vera, 1311, 1312, 1312f,
for myelodysplastic syndromes, 1357–1358 E-selectin (CD62E) 1313f
self-administration, 872 activities, 66, 68 primary myelofibrosis, 1311
Erythropoietic porphyrias. See Porphyrias counterreceptor, 282t epidemiology, 1307
Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) distribution, 67t, 282t etiology, 1307, 2079–2080
clinical features, 890t, 898–899, 898t expression, 281, 1870 gene mutations, 228–229t, 1278, 1308f,
definition and history, 897 hematopoietic stem cell trafficking and, 1310, 1851
diagnosis, 899 355 laboratory features, 1309f, 1310
enzymes affected by, 890t, 891f in inflammatory response, 1977t, 1978 leukemic transformation in, 1280–1281,
laboratory features, 891t ligands, 67t 1310
pathogenesis of clinical findings, 898 natural killer cells and, 1193 myelofibrotic transformation in, 1309
pathophysiology, 897–898 neutrophils and, 1006, 1007f pathogenesis, 1278, 1307–1308, 1308f
therapy, 899–900 ESHAP regimen platelet abnormalities in, 2080
Erythropoietin (EPO), 264t for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, 1629t, in pregnancy, 124–125, 1314–1315, 2081
activation of JAK, 252 1631 surgery and, 1315
anemia and, 505–506 for HIV-associated lymphoma, 1245 therapy, 341–342, 1313–1315, 1313t,
anemia and increases in, 505f E-SLAM approach, 260 1314t, 2081
for anemia of primary myelofibrosis, 1328 Essential monoclonal gammopathy, 1721–1727 Essential thrombocytopenia, 1999. See also
in erythropoiesis, 484 classification, 1722t Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
history of, 479 clinical features, 1723–1725 Estren-Dameshek syndrome, 529
inappropriate tissue elaboration of, 872 blood cells and marrow, 1723 Estrogens
levels coinciding disorders, 1724–1725, 1725t acute intermittent porphyria and, 901, 902t
congenital polycythemias and, 878 cytogenetic analysis, 1723 erythropoietic effects, 560
in HIV infection, 1251 functional impairment from porphyria cutanea tarda and, 906
in iron-deficiency anemia, 2036 monoclonal protein, 1723–1724, for von Willebrand disease, 2176
in older persons, 134 1723t ET. See Essential thrombocythemia (ET)
in polycythemia, 882–883 monoclonal protein, 1723 Etanercept
in polycythemia vera, 1296 neuropathies, 1724 for diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, 368
in pregnancy, 119 consultative approach to, 48–49 for myelodysplastic syndromes, 1359
nonerythroid effects, 486 course and prognosis, 1726–1727 for primary myelofibrosis, 1329
physiologic anemia of newborn and, 103 definition and history, 1721 secondary acute myelogenous leukemia
resistance to and deficiency of, 550–551 differential diagnosis, 1726t and, 1407
response to anemia, 247 epidemiology, 1721–1722 ETC (electron transport chain), 196
restriction of, as result of iron etiology and pathogenesis, 1497t, 1708, Ethambutol, for tuberculosis, 386
unavailability, 551–552, 551f 1722–1723, 1736t Ethanol abuse. See Alcohol abuse
therapeutic. See Erythropoiesis-stimulating in Gaucher disease, 1126 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA),
agents (ESAs) hyperviscosity in, 428 1994, 1995, 2339
thrombopoietin and, 265 laboratory features, 1497t, 1725–1726 ETO, 225, 237
Erythropoietin receptor (EPOR). See also myeloma and, 1722, 1734, 1734f Etoposide, 328–329. See also BEACOPP
EPOR platelet dysfunction in, 2082 regimen; CODOX-M/IVAC
in erythropoiesis, 481, 484–485, 486f therapy, 429t, 1727 regimen; EPOCH regimen; ESHAP
structure and function, 247–248 Essential thrombocythemia (ET), 1307–1315 regimen; Stanford V regimen

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