Page 1916 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill

Index 1343

I timely, 8, 8t Inflammatory response, 272
Iatrogenic acidosis, acid-base balance types of, 8–9 Influenza
and, 973 Individual organ systems, 260–261 avian, 717
Ibuprofen, 561 Induced hypothermia, 818 in critically ill traveler, 716–717
ICUEHR, next generation of, 55 in cardiac arrest, 173 seasonal, 716
ICUEMR, functional and abstract model Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), 552 Influenza A, 676
of, 50, 51f Indwelling central venous access device Influenza B, 676
Idiopathic pneumonia syndrome, 887 infections, 621–622 Influenza virus, 673–674
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, long-term Infarction right ventricular overload and, infection control and, 31
management of, 520 236t, 237–238 Infobuttons, 52, 55
IFN-γ, 556 Infection(s) Informed consent and refusal, 126
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Ifosfamide, 899 in burn patients, 1187 Inodilators, 316
Ileus, postoperative, 1006 invasive devices and intensive-care Inotropes, 573
Imaging unit-acquired, 24–26 Inspiratory muscle dysfunction, 514
in diagnosing neuromuscular injury, 767 prevention and surveillance, in Insulin-like growth factor in acute renal
encouraging independent interpreting of, 5 intensive-care unit, 23–31 failure, 931
Imaging informatics, 50 infection prevention policies and Integrated approach to patient safety, 36
Imipenem, 546 procedures, 24 Intensity-benefit relationship, 3, 3f
Immersion and breath-hold diving, nursing staffing ratios, 24 Intensive Care Delirium Screening
1318–1319, 1319f structural/organizational factors that Checklist, 760
Immune enhancing nutrients and affect infection prevention, 24 Intensive care unit (ICU)
antioxidants, role of, 137–138 surveillance, 23–24 administering sedatives in, 148–149
Immune reconstitution inflammatory of venous structures, 597–598, 597t antibiotic resistance in, 27
syndrome, 628 Infection control, issues related to specific assessing cost-effectiveness in,
Immune thrombocytopenia, 852 pathogens 37–40, 39f, 40f
Immunoparalysis, sepsis and, 551–556 blood-borne pathogens, 30–31 cost accounting in, 39
apoptosis, 555 coronavirus, 31 cost-benefit analysis in, 38
appropriate diagnostic tools and influenza virus, 31 cost-effectiveness analysis in, 38–39, 40f
monitoring, 555–556 integrated approach to patient safety, 36 cost estimates and guesses in, 42
clinical evidence and relevance of Meningococcus, 31 cost measurement in, 42
immunosuppression, 554 respiratory syncytial virus, 30–31 cost-minimization analysis in, 38
definition of systemic sepsis-induced, 553 safety scorecards, 36–37 costs in, 40
evolution to immunoparalysis, 553, 553f taxonomy of patient safety issues, cost streams in, 42
future therapeutic approaches, 556 33–36, 34t, 35f cost-utility analysis in, 39
history—definition, 551 tuberculosis, 30 defining standard care in, 42
measurement of cell surface markers, varicella-zoster virus, 30 discounting, 42
554–555 Infection syndromes in patients undergoing economic evaluations in health care, 38
measurement of circulating mediators, 554 cytotoxic chemotherapy, 615–622, methodological considerations in
modification of, 554–556 617f, 619f, 620f analysis, 39
natural history of infection and sepsis Infectious agents, screening for, in organ outcome measures in, 39–40
syndrome, 551–552 transplantation, 1110–1111, 1111t policy implications, 43–44
Immunosuppression in transplant patient, Infectious complications reporting and PCEHM reference case,
1088–1090, 1088f, 1093 of central venous catheters, 182–183 43, 43f
antilymphocyte antibodies, 1089–1090 of intravascular access devices used in robustness and sensitivity analysis,
calcineurin inhibitors and related critical care, 588–593 42–43, 43f
compounds, 1089 definitions and diagnosis of brief history and current-state of computer
new agents, 1090 device-related infections, 591 use in, 50, 51ft, 52–53
proliferation inhibitors, 1089 epidemiology of, 588–589, 588t, 589t cardiac pacing issues in, 290
systemic corticosteroids, 1090 management of infection, 591–592 care of the caregiver in, 114–116
Impaired consciousness, 829, 830–831 microbiology, 590, 590t closed, 16
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators, 290–291f, pathogenesis, 589–590, 590f delirium in, 756–763
292f, 293 preventive strategies, 592–593, 592–593t Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Implicit review, 11 Infectious Diseases Society of America Mental Disorders (DSM-IV),
Imprecise principal diagnosis, 94, 94f (IDSA), 11 756, 756t
Inactivity and muscle weakness, 162–163 Infective endocarditis, 354–356, 594–596, monitoring for delirium, 759–760, 760t
Inactivity and other organ system injury, 163 594t, 596t, 1299, 1299f, 1300f pathophysiology, 758–759, 759f
Incentive spirometry, sickle cell disease and, 913 clinical presentation, 354, 355f prevalence and subtypes, 756–757
Incidence density in intensive-care unit, 23 etiology, 354 prognosis following intensive care unit
Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio, 38, 40 pathophysiology, 354 delirium, 760–761, 761f
Indicator dilution methods to assess cardiac Inferior vena cava filter placement, risk factors, 757–758, 757t, 758f
output, 245–247, 246f 22f, 221–223 strategies for prevention of delirium,
Indicators Inferior vena cavagram (IVC), 222 761–762
characteristics of, 8, 8t Inflammation treatment of, 762–763
measurable, 8, 8t in burn patients, 1187 differential diagnosis of fever in, 558, 558t
rate-based, 8–9 sepsis and, 564 exercises related to needs for medical
relevance, 8, 8t Inflammatory diarrhea, 706–707 surge, 58

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