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Most Commonly Used Automotive Materials
Mild Steel Boron/Martensite
Mild steels are easy to form, which makes them a
top choice for automotive parts manufacturers Martensite is the hardest and strongest form of steel,
using cold stamping and other dated but it’s also the least formable. It shares properties
manufacturing processes. They have a maximum with boron, which has a tensile strength of around
1,200 to 1,800 MPa. These are usually combined with
tensile strength of 270 MPa
softer steels to form composites
High Strength Steel (HSS)
High strength steels use traditional steels and Aluminum 5000/6000 (AL 5000/6000)
remove carbon during the baking cycle. This 5000-series aluminium is alloyed with magnesium.
means softer steels can be formed, then baked 6000-series aluminium contains both silicon and
into harder metals. Typical tensile strength grades magnesium which forms magnesium silicide and
range from 250 to 550 MPa makes the aluminium alloy heat-treatable.
High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) Magnesium
HLSAs are carbon manganese steels strengthened Magnesium is an attractive material for automotive
with the addition of a micro alloying element such use because of its light weight. When alloyed,
as titanium, vanadium, or niobium. These have a magnesium has the highest strength-to-weight ratio
tensile strength up to 800 MPa, and can still be of all structural metals.
press formed
Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic (CFRP)
Advanced high strength steels generally yield CFRPs are extremely strong, light plastics which
strength levels in excess of 550 MPa. They are contain carbon fibers to increase strength. They are
composites made of multiple metals, then heated expensive to produce but will have a growing
and cooled throughout the manufacturing process Ultra High Strength Steel (UHSS) demand in the future automotive industry as costs
to meet a part’s specifications. These follow similar properties as AHSS, but are reduced.
maintain strength levels of at least 780MPa.
