Page 5 - Electrostatics 11 class

Grade 11 © GC Shiba
ii) Insulators: A material which does not allow charges to move in it is called

an insulator. E.g., non-metals, glass, rubber, plastics, paper, dry wood,
mica, porcelain, dry air, ebonite etc.
iii) Semiconductors: A material which behaves as conductors under certain

physical conditions is called semiconductors. E.g., silicon, germanium,
carbon etc.

Electrification: The process of charging a body positively or negatively by
transfer of electrons in the outermost orbits from one body to the other.

Charging a body: The process in which a body gains or loses charge particles
(electrons). There are three methods of charging a body.

1 By friction: The process in which two bodies are rubbed against each other
due to which there is a transfer of electrons between two bodies and one

becomes positively charged while another becomes negatively charged.
2 By conduction: The process of charging a body by touching with a charged
body in which the same nature of charge is produced on the conductor.

Conductor Positively charged body

Insulated stand

3 By induction: The process of charging a body without touching the charged

body.

Induced charge
Inducing charge

Insulated stand

5 Electrostatics