Page 14 - Electrostatics-11

© GC Shiba
Equipotential surface:

Equipotential surface is such a surface on which electric potential is the same
everywhere. It means the potential difference between any two points on an

equipotential surface is zero. We know that p.d. is work done and hence there is
no work is done in moving the charge from one point to another on an equipotential
surface.

E

❖ Electric intensity is always normal to the equipotential surface.

❖ Surface of a charge sphere is always an equipotential surface.
❖ In the region of high electric intensity, equipotential surface is closer while
in the region of low electric intensity, equipotential surface is farer.

❖ Two equipotential surfaces are never intersecting.

Electron volt: The kinetic energy gained by an electron when accelerated through

a potential difference of one volt.

i.e., 1 eV = electric work done to accelerate the electron through a p.d. of 1 volt

= K.E. gained by electron

= loss in P.E.

∴ 1 = 1.6 × 10 −19 × 1

= 1.6 × 10 −19

= 1.6 × 10 −19

13 Electrostatics