Page 3 - Pra U STPM 2022 Penggal 1 - Mathematics (T)

Mathematics Term 1 STPM

Mathematical Notation

Symbols sin, cos, tan, trigonometric functions
= is equal to csc, sec, cot
≠ is not equal to sin , cos , tan ,
–1
–1
–1
 is identical to or is congruent to csc , sec , cot –1 inverse trigonometric functions
–1
–1
≈ is approximately equal to
, is less than
< is less than or equal to Matrices
. is greater than A a matrix A
> is greater than or equal to 0 null matrix
∞ infinity I identity matrix
\ therefore A T transpose of matrix A
A inverse of a non-singular square matrix A
–1
Set notation det A determinant of a square matrix A
 is an element of
 is not an element of Complex numbers
∅ empty set i square root of –1
{x | …} set of x such that … z a complex number z
N set of natural numbers, {0, 1, 2, 3, …} |z| modulus z
Z set of integers
+
Z set of positive integers arg z argument of z
Q set of rational numbers z* complex conjugate of z
R set of real numbers
[ a, b ] closed interval {x | x  R, a < x < b} Geometry
( a, b ) open interval {x | x  R, a , x , b} AB length of the line segment with end points
[ a, b ) interval {x | x  R, a < x , b} A and B
( a, b ] interval {x | x  R, a , x < b} ∠BAC angle between the line segments AB and AC
 union ∆ABC triangle whose vertices are A, B and C
 intersection
// is parallel to
 is perpendicular to
Functions
f a function f
f(x) value of a function f at x Vectors
f : A → B f is a function under which each a a vector a
element of set A has an image in set B |a| magnitude of a vector a
f : x ↦ y f is a function which maps the element i, j, k unit vectors in the directions of the Cartesian
x to the element y coordinates axes
–1
f inverse function of f →
f g composite function of f and g which AB vector represented in magnitude and
°
direction by the directed line segment
is defined by f g(x) = f[g(x)]
°
x
e exponential function of x → from point A to point B
→
log x logarithm to base a of x |AB| magnitude of AB
a
ln x natural logarithm of x, log x a · b scalar product of vectors a and b
e
a × b vector product of vectors a and b
iv

iv-Symbol Stpm Maths.indd 4 3/28/18 4:19 PM