Page 58 - Hybrid PBD 2022 Tg 4 - Kimia

Kimia Tingkatan 4 Bab 7
BAB

7 Kadar Tindak Balas

Rate of Reaction

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GURU
FOKUS TOPIK GURU Peta
Konsep
Tindak balas kimia terdiri daripada tindak balas cepat atau tindak balas perlahan.
Chemical reactions consist of fast reactions or slow reactions.

Kadar tindak balas ialah perubahan kuantiti bahan Kadar tindak balas ialah perubahan kuantiti hasil
tindak balas per unit masa. tindak balas per unit masa.
Rate of reaction is the changes in the quantity of the reactants per Rate of reaction is the changes in the quantity of the products per
unit time. unit time.
Unit: g s , g minit , cm s , cm minit , mol dm s , mol dm minit –1
3
–3
–3
–1
–1
3
–1
–1
–1
Unit: g s , g minute , cm s , cm minute , mol dm s , mol dm minute –1
–3
3 –1
–1
–3 –1
–1
3
–1
Perubahan yang boleh diperhatikan dan diukur:
Changes that are observable and can be measured:
Pembentukan mendakan, pengurangan jisim bahan tindak balas, penambahan isi padu gas
Formation of precipitate, decrease in mass of reactants, increase in volume of gases
Menentukan kadar tindak balas / Determining rate of reaction
Kadar tindak balas purata ialah nilai purata bagi Kadar tindak balas pada masa tertentu ialah kadar
kadar tindak balas yang berlaku dalam satu tempoh tindak balas yang berlaku pada satu ketika sahaja.
masa tertentu. Instantaneous rate of reaction is the rate of reaction at a
Average rate of reaction is the average value for the rate of particular point of time.
reaction that occurs in a particular time interval.
Kepekatan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Kadar Tindak Balas Tekanan
Concentration Factors Affecting Rate of Reactions Pressure
Kehadiran mangkin Saiz bahan tindak balas Suhu
Presence of catalyst Size of reactants Temperature

Zarah bahan tindak balas mesti berlanggar antara satu sama lain untuk tindak
Teori balas berlaku.
Perlanggaran Reactant particles must collide with one another for reaction to occur.
Collision Theory
Kadar bahan tindak balas bergantung kepada frekuensi perlanggaran berkesan.
Rate of reaction depends on the frequency of effective collisions.

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07 Bab 7.indd 165 10/29/21 5:18 PM