Page 4 - ACE YR IGCSE A TOP APPR' TO MATHS

Graphs

Equations of a straight line y = mx + c
y – y = m(x – x )
1
1
(where m is the gradient and (x , y ) is the known
1
1
point on the line)
Finding the distance between two points √(x – x ) + (y – y ) 2
2
1 2 1 2
( x + x 2 y + y 2 )
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1
1
Finding the midpoint of two points 2 , 2
Parallel lines have equal gradients. m = m
1 2

m × m = –1
Perpendicular lines have a gradient that is a 1 2
negative reciprocal

Mensuration

Rectangle Triangle Parallelogram Trapezium Circle
a
a
b r
a c
b
a
Area = a × b b
Area = a × b b (a + b)c Area = πr 2
a × b Area = 2
Area =
2

Diagram Surface area Volume

2
Cylinder Curved surface area = 2πr πr ℎ
Total surface area = 2πrℎ + 2πr 2

h
r

Cone Curved surface area = πrl 1
2
2
Total surface area = πr + πrl 3 πr ℎ
I
h
r

vi List of Important Formulae

List Of Important Formulae.indd 6 15/03/2022 10:33 AM